“…The aforementioned papers also discuss many situations where the rank estimation is of interest, for example, in the context of factor and state-space models, cointegration and the theory of demand systems. See also Anderson (1951), Camba-Mendez, Kapetanios, Smith and Weale (2003), Camba-Mendez and Kapetanios (2001), Donkers and Schafgans (2003), Lewbel (1991), Donald (1997), Fortuna (2004), Cook (2001, 2003) and others. The limiting covariance matrix C of M can have either a Kronecker product structure C = A ⊗ B or a general, non-Kronecker product structure.…”