Local recruitment of Atlantic cod and putative source spawning areas in a coastal seascape

Synnes, Ann-Elin Wårøy; Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen; Knutsen, Halvor; Jorde, Per Erik; Sodeland, Marte; Moland, Even

doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsab226

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The geographical distribution of ecotypes was highly stable between 2019 and 2020, which indicates a low interannual variability in the spatial recruitment patterns. On the other hand, recent results from the adjacent Norwegian Skagerrak coast suggest that recruitment may vary between seasons as well as between years (Synnes et al ., 2021; see also Jorde, Synnes et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed origin of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) along the Swedish west coast

Henriksson

Pereyra

Sodeland

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Cryptic population structure in exploited fish species poses a major challenge for fisheries management. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a species in which the presence of sympatric ecotypes has been known for a long time, for instance off the coast of Northern Norway. More recently, two sympatric ecotypes of cod have also been documented in the Skagerrak and Kattegat; one ecotype is of an apparent offshore origin and undertakes spawning migrations to the North Sea, and the other is resident at the coast throughout its life. However, their relative contributions of juveniles to the Swedish west coast remain poorly understood. The lack of adult cod along the Skagerrak and Kattegat coasts in recent years has led to the hypothesis that the offshore ecotype is the main source of juveniles to the area, but recent studies have shown large proportions of coastal cod inside Norwegian Skagerrak fjords. In this study, juvenile cod were collected at a high spatial resolution along the Swedish west coast, and genetically assigned to each of the two ecotypes. The results reveal that there is a considerable proportion of juvenile coastal cod in the southern Kattegat, Öresund, and in inshore Swedish Skagerrak, but that the offshore ecotype dominates in offshore areas. Model selection suggests that differences in bottom depth, rather than distance from the open sea, may explain the heterogenous spatial distribution of the two ecotypes. In addition, the two ecotypes displayed differences at loci known to be associated with environmental adaptation, suggesting that their spatial distribution is maintained by natural selection in response to specific environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed origin of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) along the Swedish west coast

Henriksson

Pereyra

Sodeland

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. has declined in the North Sea since the end of the gadoid outburst 21 and there has been a debate on whether or not CIEC has contributed with overfishing to the diminishing Spawning Stock Biomass (SSB) 1 , 6 , 22 , 23 . Surprisingly, although some studies have jointly investigated the influence of CIEC and fishing on cod SSB 6 , 15 , 24 , there have been no attempts to quantify precisely the effects of the two drivers despite their importance in terms of stock management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the dichotomy of fishing and climate in fishery management with the FishClim model

et al. 2022

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The relative influence of fishing and Climate-Induced Environmental Change (CIEC) on long-term fluctuations in exploited fish stocks has been controversial1–3 because separating their contributions is difficult for two reasons. Firstly, there is in general, no estimation of CIEC for a pre-fishing period and secondly, the assessment of the effects of fishing on stocks has taken place at the same time as CIEC4. Here, we describe a new model we have called FishClim that we apply to North Sea cod from 1963 to 2019 to estimate how fishing and CIEC interact and how they both may affect stocks in the future (2020-2100) using CMIP6 scenarios5. The FishClim model shows that both fishing and CIEC are intertwined and can either act synergistically (e.g. the 2000-2007 collapse) or antagonistically (e.g. second phase of the gadoid outburst). Failure to monitor CIEC, so that fisheries management immediately adjusts fishing effort in response to environmentally-driven shifts in stock productivity, will therefore create a deleterious response lag that may cause the stock to collapse. We found that during 1963-2019, although the effect of fishing and CIEC drivers fluctuated annually, the pooled influence of fishing and CIEC on the North Sea cod stock was nearly equal at ~55 and ~45%, respectively. Consequently, the application of FishClim, which quantifies precisely the respective influence of fishing and climate, will help to develop better strategies for sustainable, long-term, fish stock management.

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“…Seascape genomics has provided highly resolved information on biological boundaries for management and the relation of populations to environmental variables, such as temperature and salinity (e.g., in stripey snapper, common sole and European hake; DiBattista et al, 2017;Diopere et al, 2018;Milano et al, 2014). In the case of Atlantic cod, both low-salinity genetic adaptation and age-specific distribution of coastal and offshore ecotypes are now considered in population-level managed fisheries (Barth et al, 2019;Synnes et al, 2021). Seascape genomics has also provided correlative evidence for spatial population structure associated with environmental clines in invertebrate target species such as American lobster, eastern oyster, and sea scallop, which may eventually benefit the management of these resources (Benestan et al, 2016;Bernatchez et al, 2019;Lehnert et al, 2019; Table 1).…”

Section: Future-proof Fisheries -Empowering Living Resource Managemen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seascape genomics: assisting marine biodiversity management by combining genetic knowledge with environmental and ecological information

Rieder¹,

Jahnke²,

André³

et al. 2023

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Biodiversity, including genetic diversity, is the foundation of ecosystems and the well-being of all organisms, including humans. Determining how the marine environment shapes genetic diversity and developing best practices to conserve it requires a multi-disciplinary approach incorporating genomic and environmental information. Seascape genetics and genomics combine spatially resolved ecological, genomic and environmental data coupled with modeling to explore past, present and future patterns of diversity and connectivity. Seascape genetics and genomics provide scientists and managers with a multi-faceted tool that can be applied across a wide range of species and can be incorporated into marine spatial management. Despite the known importance of genetic diversity, the incorporation of genetic and genomic data is grossly underrepresented in policy, decision-making and conservation measures. We aim to support the understanding and access to seascape genetics and genomics information for conservation and management practitioners. We explain how integrating environment, space, traits, and genetics or genomics can advance marine spatial management. We also outline the scientific and policy context of seascape genomics and the corresponding methodology and concepts, exemplified by two specific case studies. Lastly, we review the present status of seascape genomics research and discuss present challenges, strengths, and future opportunities by providing a road map that could aid the integration of seascape genomics into management.

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Local recruitment of Atlantic cod and putative source spawning areas in a coastal seascape

Cited by 5 publications

References 72 publications

Mixed origin of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) along the Swedish west coast

Mixed origin of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) along the Swedish west coast

Addressing the dichotomy of fishing and climate in fishery management with the FishClim model

Seascape genomics: assisting marine biodiversity management by combining genetic knowledge with environmental and ecological information

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