Localization of Epstein-Barr virus to infiltrating lymphocytes in breast carcinomas and not malignant cells

Khan, Gulfaraz; Philip, Pretty S.; Ashari, Mouied Al; Houcinat, Yamina; Daoud, Sayel

doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.04.018

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…All five EBV positive women were postmenopausal, and were on average 10 years older than the EBV negative women (66 and 56 years old, respectively), however this age difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). In a recent paper, the EBV positive cells in breast tumours were found to be infiltrating lymphocytes, while no virus was detected in the malignant breast cells [24]. Due to insufficient original sample quantities, we were not able to perform in situ hybridisation or immunohistochemistry on the EBV positive samples, and thus, could not determine the cellular origin of the detected virus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Exploring the Prevalence of Ten Polyomaviruses and Two Herpes Viruses in Breast Cancer

et al. 2012

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Several different viruses have been proposed to play a role in breast carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of a subset of viruses in breast cancer tissue. We investigated the prevalence of 12 DNA viruses: EBV and CMV from the Herpesviridae family and SV40, BKV, JCV, MCV, WUV, KIV, LPV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and TSV from the Polyomaviridae family in 54 fresh frozen breast tumour specimens. Relevant clinical data and basic lifestyle data were available for all patients. The tissue samples were DNA extracted and real-time PCR assays were used for viral detection.The highest prevalence, 10% (5/54), was found for EBV. MCV, HPyV6, and HPyV7 were detected in single patient samples (2% each), while WUV, KIV, JCV, BKV, LPV, SV40, TSV and CMV were not detected in the 54 breast cancer specimens analysed here. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the potential role of viruses, and particularly EBV, in breast carcinogenesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Exploring the Prevalence of Ten Polyomaviruses and Two Herpes Viruses in Breast Cancer

et al. 2012

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“…A study of fibroadenoma tissue from immunosuppressed and non-immunosuppressed patients was positive for EBV using PCR but none of the fibroadenomas from non-immunosuppressed patients expressed LMP-1 protein, suggesting that EBV may be associated with fibroadenomas only in immunocompromised patients[41]. It has been suggested that EBV detected in breast tissue samples is present in lymphocytes rather than tumour cells[28, 52, 54] but others dispute this [14, 16, 38]. Finding EBV in infiltrating lymphocytes could be expected if breast cancer is, even in part, a response to an abnormal immune stimulus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24, 25] However, two earlier studies using QPCR of EBV and breast cancer found very low levels of EBV DNA in breast cancer tissue[26, 27] and a recent study using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) found EBV in infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer tissue but not in malignant cells. [28]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer

et al. 2015

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Findings of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and breast cancer vary, making it difficult to determine whether either, both, or neither virus is causally associated with breast cancer. We investigated CMV and EBV in paired samples of breast cancer and normal breast tissue from 70 women using quantitative PCR. A serum sample from each woman was tested for CMV and EBV IgG. To place our results in context, we reviewed the existing literature and performed a meta-analysis of our results together with previous PCR studies of EBV, CMV, and breast cancer. Of the serology samples, 67 of 70 (96%) were EBV IgG positive and 49 of 70 (70%) were CMV IgG positive. QPCR detected EBV in 24 (34%) of the tumour and 9 (13%) of the paired normal specimens and CMV in 0 (0%) of the tumour and 2 (3%) of the paired normal specimens. Our findings, together with earlier results summarised in the meta-analysis, suggest several possibilities: variable findings may be due to limitations of molecular analyses; ‘hit and run’ oncogenesis may lead to inconsistent results; one or both viruses has a role at a later stage in breast cancer development; infection with multiple viruses increases breast cancer risk; or neither virus has a role. Future studies should focus on ways to investigate these possibilities, and should include comparisons of breast cancer tissue samples with appropriate normal tissue samples.

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“…These cases have been previously studied and further details including ER, PR and HER2 status can be found in our previous publication (Khan et al , 2011). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a proportion of cases, no identifiable risk factor can be identified, prompting the idea that an oncogenic virus may be involved (Amarante and Watanabe, 2009). Indeed, several viruses have been implicated over the years (Labrecque et al , 1995; Bonnet et al , 1999; Melana et al , 2007; Cox et al , 2010; Glenn et al , 2010; Ariad et al , 2011), but none have conclusively been demonstrated to be central to the disease process (Chu et al , 2001; Herrmann and Niedobitek, 2003; Murray, 2006; Larrey et al , 2010; Khan et al , 2011; Silva and da Silva, 2011). …”

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confidence: 99%

No evidence for the involvement of XMRV or MCV in the pathogenesis of breast cancer

et al. 2012

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Background:The aetiology of breast cancer remains elusive. A viral aetiology has been proposed, but to date no virus has been conclusively demonstrated to be involved. Recently, two new viruses, namely Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) and xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus (XMRV) have been identified and implicated in the pathogenesis of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and familial form of prostate cancer, respectively.Methods:We examined 204 samples from 58 different cases of breast cancer for presence of MCV or XMRV by PCR. Samples consisted of both malignant and non-malignant tissues. Additionally, we included 6 cases of MCC and 12 cases of prostate cancer as potential controls for MCV and XMRV, respectively.Results:All of the breast cancer samples examined were negative for both MCV and XMRV. However, 4/6 MCC and 2/12 prostate cancer samples were found to be positive for MCV and XMRV, respectively. Sequence analysis of the amplified products confirmed that these sequences belonged to MCV and XMRV.Conclusion:We conclude that there is no evidence for the involvement of MCV or XMRV in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. What role these viruses have in the pathogenesis of MCC and prostate carcinomas remains to be demonstrated.

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Localization of Epstein-Barr virus to infiltrating lymphocytes in breast carcinomas and not malignant cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Exploring the Prevalence of Ten Polyomaviruses and Two Herpes Viruses in Breast Cancer

Exploring the Prevalence of Ten Polyomaviruses and Two Herpes Viruses in Breast Cancer

Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer

No evidence for the involvement of XMRV or MCV in the pathogenesis of breast cancer

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