Localized surface-plasmon resonances on single and coupled nanoparticles through surface integral equations for flexible surfaces

Abstract

Abstract:We present an advanced numerical formulation to calculate the optical properties of 3D nanoparticles (single or coupled) of arbitrary shape and lack of symmetry. The method is based on the (formally exact) surface integral equation formulation, implemented for parametric surfaces describing particles with arbitrary shape through a unified treatment (Gielis' formula). Extinction, scattering, and absorption spectra of a variety of metal nanoparticles are shown, thus determining rigorously the localised surface-plasmon resonances of nanocubes, nanostars, and nanodimers. Far-field and near-field patterns for such resonances are also calculated, revealing their nature. The flexibility and reliability of the formulation makes it specially suitable for complex scattering problems in Nano-Optics & Plasmonics. References and links1. X. Lu, M. Rycenga, S. E. Skrabalak, B. Wiley, and Y. Xia, "Chemical synthesis of novel plasmonic nanoparticles," Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 60, 167-92 (2009). 2. T. R. Jensen, G. C. Schatz, and R. P. V. Duyne, "Nanosphere lithography: surface plasmon resonance spectrum of a periodic array of silver nanoparticles by ultraviolet-visible extinction spectroscopy and electrodynamic modeling," J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 2394-2401 (1999). 3. A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, "Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267407 (2005). 4. E. Ozbay, "Plasmonics: merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimensions," Science 311, 189-193 (2006). 5. V. Giannini, A. Fernandez-Dominguez, Y. Sonnefraud, T. Roschuk, R. Fernandez-García, and S. A. Maier, "Controlling light localization and light-matter interactions with nanoplasmonics," Small 6, 2498-2507 (2010). 6. L. Novotny and N. van Hulst, "Antennas for light," Nat. Photonics 5, 83-90 (2011). 7. J. A. Sánchez-Gil and J. V. García-Ramos, "Local and average electromagnetic enhancement in surface-enhanced Raman scattering from self-affine fractal metal substrates with nanoscale irregularities," Chem. Phys. Lett. 367, 361-366 (2003). 8. E. J. Zeman and G. C. Schatz, "An accurate electromagnetic theory study of surface enhancement factors for Ag, Au, Cu, Li, Na, Al, Ga, In, Zn, and Cd," J. Phys. C 91, 634-643 (1987 14, 302-307 (1966). 17. R. Clough, "The finite element method after twenty-five years: a personal view," Comput. Struct. 12, 361-370 (1980). 18. C. Girard and A. Dereux, "Near-field optics theories," Rep. Progr. Phys. 59, 657 (1996)

Fano-like interference of plasmon resonances at a single rod-shaped nanoantenna

“…For calculations of light scattering by an infinitely long nanowire in (6), we made use of our own implementation [38,39] of Green's theorem surface integral equations, which are written for parametric surfaces describing particles with arbitrary shape by means of Gielis' 'Superformula' [40].…”

Integral-Equation Formulations of Plasmonic Problems in the Visible Spectrum and Beyond

“…While, in the literature, experimental studies are often supported by differential solvers, their applicability to complex problems is usually limited to small-scale and/or simplified models due to well-known drawbacks, such as need for space (host-medium) discretizations that are accompanied with artificial truncations. Major tools of computational electromagnetics, that is, surface integral equations [11,12] employing integro-differential operators, are recently applied to plasmonic problems with promising results for realistic simulations of complex structures [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In fact, surface integral equations need only the discretization of boundaries between different media, which usually correspond to the surface of the plasmonic object.…”

Supershape Nanoparticle Plasmons

“…The Gielis superformula was used in plasmonics for describe the shape of plasmonic nanoparticles in 3D [29] and for the inverse design of translationalinvariant plasmonic cylinders in 2D [30,31]. Also, a strategy has been proposed to design the morphology of metal nanoparticles, maximizing the electric field average on their surface [32].The Gielis superformula in two dimensions has the mathematical expression in polar coordinates: Here, we used the Gielis superformula to generation of a kind of nanoparticles and called them as the supershape nanoparticles (SNPs).…”