Locations of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the 3-month-old chicken: a review

Casteleyn, Christophe; Doom, Marjan; Lambrechts, Eileen; Broeck, Wim Van Den; Simoens, Paul; Cornillie, Pieter

doi:10.1080/03079451003786105

Cited by 97 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Lymphoid tissue of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is found in multiple regions of the gastro-intestinal tract of the chicken including oesophagus, proventriculus, Peyer's patches, Meckel's diverticulum, caeca and rectum (Casteleyn et al, 2010). Expression of genes of the innate immune system in the chicken caeca are increased following inoculation with ST or Campylobacter jejuni with both increasing TLR4 and TLR21 (Shaughnessy et al, 2009).…”

Section: Gastro-intestinal Immune Functioning and Responses To Bactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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This review provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of poultry, particularly of the domesticated chicken. The structure and functioning of the major regions of the GIT are discussed bringing together recent studies with the older, often neglected, literature. Attention is focused on the GIT as an immune organ and on GIT fermentation/bacterial colonisation. In addition, the interactions of nutrition with GIT biology are discussed. The roles of neuropeptides and hormones on the development and functioning of the GIT are extensively reviewed.

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Section: Gastro-intestinal Immune Functioning and Responses To Bactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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“…In addition, infection or vaccination via a mucosal route induces local IgA (94). Similar to other vertebrates, chicken humoral immune responses are induced in the secondary lymphoid organs, such as spleen, as well as head-associated lymphoid tissues, including the Harderian gland and conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissues, nasal-associated lymphoid tissues, bronchus-associated lymphoid tissues, GALTs (pharyngeal, esophageal, pyloric, and caecal tonsils; PPs; and Meckel's diverticulum), skin-associated lymphoid tissues, and pineal-associated lymphoid tissues (95). …”

Section: Avian B Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of B Cell Immunity

Parra

Takizawa

Sunyer

2013

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

121

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Two types of adaptive immune strategies are known to have evolved in vertebrates: the VLR-based system, which is present in jawless organisms and is mediated by VLRA and VLRB lymphocytes, and the BCR/TCR-based system, which is present in jawed species and is provided by B and T cell receptors expressed on B and T cells, respectively. Here we summarize features of B cells and their predecessors in the different animal phyla, focusing the review on B cells from jawed vertebrates. We point out the critical role of nonclassical species and comparative immunology studies in the understanding of B cell immunity. Because nonclassical models include species relevant to veterinary medicine, basic science research performed in these animals contributes to the knowledge required for the development of more efficacious vaccines against emerging pathogens.

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“…The lymphoid tissues in the intestinal tract are well developed, and it forms a first line of defense against harmful antigens that enter the body during feeding (Casteleyn et al, 2010). Since the ban on growth-promoting anti-biotics, efficiency of probiotics that may stimulate the intestinal immune system is expected (Haghighi et al, 2008;Casteleyn et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the ban on growth-promoting anti-biotics, efficiency of probiotics that may stimulate the intestinal immune system is expected (Haghighi et al, 2008;Casteleyn et al, 2010). Recent reports showed that probiotics reduced intestinal colonization by Salmonella and Campylobacter bacteria (Haghighi et al, 2008;Ghareeb et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Probiotics on the Localization of T Cell Subsets in the Intestine of Broiler Chicks

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of probiotics on T cell subsets induction in the intestine of broiler chicks. Day-old male broiler chicks were fed with or without probiotics consisting of Streptococcus faecalis, Clostridium buthricum, Bacillus mesentericus (probiotics group and control group, respectively). Cryostat sections of their ileum, cecum and rectum at day 0, 7 and 14 of feeding were immunostained for CD4, CD8 and TCRγδ, and the frequencies of positive cells in the mucosal tissue were analyzed. The CD4+, CD8+, TCRγδ+ T cells were localized in the lamina propria of intestinal mucosa in all birds. At day 7 and 14, CD8+ T cells were localized also in the mucosal epithelium of all segments in the probiotics group and of cecum in control group, and TCRγδ+ T cells were observed in the mucosal epithelium of all birds. The frequencies of CD4+, CD8+, TCRγδ+ T cells were increased with age from day 0 to day 14 in both control and probiotics groups. The frequency of CD8+ T cells was significantly greater in probiotics group than control group in the ileum and rectum (P＜0.05) and the cecum (P＜0.01) at day 7. There were no significant differences in the frequency of CD4+ and TCRγδ+ T cells between control and probiotics groups in all intestinal segments at day 7 and 14. The ratio of CD8+/CD4+ T cells was greater than 1.0 in all tissues. The ratio in the ileum at day 7 was significantly greater in the probiotics group than control group (P＜0.05). These results further suggest that probiotics cause an influx of the CD8+ T cells into the intestinal mucosa, which may enhance the intestinal immunity by CD8+ T cells in young chicks.

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Locations of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the 3-month-old chicken: a review

Cited by 97 publications

References 49 publications

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Evolution of B Cell Immunity

Effects of Probiotics on the Localization of T Cell Subsets in the Intestine of Broiler Chicks

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