Locus Coeruleus Is Involved in Weight Loss in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease: An Effect Reversed by Deep Brain Stimulation

Guimarães, Joana; Moura, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de; Silva, E.; Aguiar, Paulo; Garrett, Carolina; Vieira-Coelho, Maria Augusta

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2013.06.002

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The brain LC-NA system, in particular, its presynaptically located regulatory proteins for NA reuptake, the NATs, are thought to be involved in weight control and contribute to the pathogenesis of human obesity [21, 22]. However, only one study thus far has addressed the question of whether in vivo NAT availability is altered in obesity [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central noradrenaline transporter availability in highly obese, non-depressed individuals

Hesse

Becker

Rullmann

et al. 2017

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose The brain noradrenaline (NA) system plays an important role in the central nervous control of energy balance and is thus implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity. The specific processes modulated by this neurotransmitter which lead to obesity and overeating are still a matter of debate. Methods We tested the hypothesis that in vivo NA transporter (NAT) availability is changed in obesity by using positron emission tomography (PET) and S, S-[11C]O-methylreboxetine (MRB) in twenty subjects comprising ten highly obese (body mass index BMI > 35 kg/m2), metabolically healthy, non-depressed individuals and ten non-obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) healthy controls. Results Overall, we found no significant differences in binding potential (BPND) values between obese and non-obese individuals in the investigated brain regions, including the NAT-rich thalamus (0.40 ± 0.14 vs. 0.41 ± 0.18; p = 0.84) though additional discriminant analysis correctly identified individual group affiliation based on regional BPND in all but one (control) case. Furthermore, inter-regional correlation analyses indicated different BPND patterns between both groups but this did not survive testing for multiple comparions. Conclusions Our data do not find an overall involvement of NAT changes in human obesity. However, preliminary secondary findings of distinct regional and associative patterns warrant further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central noradrenaline transporter availability in highly obese, non-depressed individuals

Hesse

Becker

Rullmann

et al. 2017

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…The dysfunction of these regions plays important roles in baroreflex failure, causing OH in PD. On the other hand, in a rat model, degeneration of the LC leads to a transient drop in body weight, which can be reversed by deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (DBS‐STN) . This had led to the hypothesis that weight variations in PD might be modulated by noradrenergic interactions among the LC, STN, and hypothalamus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body weight and dysautonomia in early Parkinson's disease

et al. 2016

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“…Many studies have investigated the factors associated with weight loss in PD patients or animal models (Kuranuki et al, 2011;Guimarães et al, 2013;Vikdahl et al, 2014). Recently, it has been suggested that weight loss in PD patients is mostly the result of decreased adipose tissues (Loref€ alt et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An activated sympathetic nervous system affects white adipocyte differentiation and lipolysis in a rat model of Parkinson's disease

Meng

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2014

J of Neuroscience Research

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Weight loss is an important nonmotor symptom associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the cellular factors responsible for PD-induced weight loss remain unclear. Because the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in lipid metabolism and fat cell differentiation, this study investigates whether PD-induced changes to this system are associated with weight loss in a rat model of PD. Body weight and food intake were measured in control and PD-model rats. After 10 weeks, retroperitoneal white adipose tissues (RWAT) were removed and weighed. Markers of the sympathetic nervous system were measured in the brainstem dorsal medulla and RWAT. Free fat acids (FFA), triglycerides (TG), adipocyte differentiation-related genes, and lipolysis-related molecules in the RWAT and serum were analyzed. Differences in body weight and food intake were insignificant in PD-model rats and control rats; however, relative RWAT weight and adipocyte surface area were significantly reduced in the PD group. Changes in markers of the sympathetic nervous system were observed in the brainstem dorsal medulla and RWAT of PD rats. Decreased mRNA expression levels of genes involved in adipocyte differentiation, decreased TG levels in RWAT, increased FFA in RWAT, and increased lipolysis-related molecules in RWAT and serum FFA were observed in PD rats. This study demonstrates that degenerated dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system correlate with increases in sympathetic nervous system function, resulting in lipolysis and inhibition of fat cell differentiation. These factors ultimately result in the decrease of RWAT in PD-model rats.

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Locus Coeruleus Is Involved in Weight Loss in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease: An Effect Reversed by Deep Brain Stimulation

Cited by 30 publications

References 66 publications

Central noradrenaline transporter availability in highly obese, non-depressed individuals

Central noradrenaline transporter availability in highly obese, non-depressed individuals

Body weight and dysautonomia in early Parkinson's disease

An activated sympathetic nervous system affects white adipocyte differentiation and lipolysis in a rat model of Parkinson's disease

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