Long and short-term atmospheric radiation analyses based on coupled measurements at high altitude remote stations and extensive air shower modeling

Modeling of ground albedo neutrons to investigate seasonal cosmic ray‐induced neutron variations measured at high‐altitude stations

“…These works [Hubert and Cheminet, 2015;Hubert et al, 2016] demonstrate the potential of using simulations and cascade neutron measurements to monitor the solar activity and more particularly the solar events. Indeed, recent works [Hubert and Cheminet, 2015;Hubert et al, 2016] show that the atmospheric shower modeling associated to a primary cosmic ray model allows for deducing the radiation field from cascade neutron measurements (extract from neutron monitor or spectrometers). Indeed, recent works [Hubert and Cheminet, 2015;Hubert et al, 2016] show that the atmospheric shower modeling associated to a primary cosmic ray model allows for deducing the radiation field from cascade neutron measurements (extract from neutron monitor or spectrometers).…”

“…Moreover, recent studies present measurement analyses reinforced by simulations (ATMORAD: ATMOspheric RADiation [Hubert and Cheminet, 2015]) of extensive air showers and the solar modulation potential. These works [Hubert and Cheminet, 2015;Hubert et al, 2016] demonstrate the potential of using simulations and cascade neutron measurements to monitor the solar activity and more particularly the solar events. In addition, assimilation data based on physical model allow extrapolating a global description of the atmospheric radiation fields including all secondaries.…”

Sensitivity Characterization of a COTS 90-nm SRAM at Ultra Low Bias Voltage

“…In this work, the atmospheric radiation fields (ground and avionic) were deduced by means of an atmospheric radiation model named ATMORAD [22], which is based on GEANT4 simulations of extensive Air Showers according to primary spectra which only depend on the solar modulation potential (Force-Field Approximation [31], [32]). Moreover, the solar potential is deduced from measurements issued from the neutron spectrometer operated by ONERA [33], [34] in the Pic-du-Midi (France, +2880 m above sea level) and the Concordia scientific station (Antarctica). The ground environment has been characterized by the geomagnetic location and altitude of the city of Toulouse (France, 141 meters above sea level), whereas a Paris -Los Angeles flight has been considered to investigate the avionic conditions.…”

Analysis of the Forbush Decreases and Ground‐Level Enhancement on September 2017 Using Neutron Spectrometers Operated in Antarctic and Midlatitude Stations

“…A neutron spectrometer was developed to record and study the neutron spectrum considering energy range from thermal region up to GeV (Cheminet et al, ). As described in previous works (Cheminet et al, ; Hubert, Federico, et al, ), the instrument is based on multisphere spherical 3 He proportional counters, placed in spherical moderators with different diameters and consisting of high‐density polyethylene. To reach the response to neutrons above 20 MeV, the spectrometer includes two spheres with lead and tungsten shells.…”

“…Three neutron spectrometers are currently operated simultaneously. The first two instruments are operated in the Pic‐du‐Midi Observatory and in the Pico dos Dias Observatory since May 2011 and 2015, respectively (Hubert, Federico, et al, ). The Chinstrap project, supported by the French Polar Institute (IPEV), aims at recording neutron spectra at the Concordia station (+3,233 m) located near the top of the dome C. Thus, the third instrument was installed in December 2015 (Hubert, ; Hubert, ), and it constantly measures spectra simultaneously with other stations.…”