Energy is an important factor of production and material basis for economic and social development. At present, China's energy development is still in the stage of high-quality development. However, with the development of science and technology, policies and changes in market demand, it is expected to promote a certain step in energy development and provide opportunities for high-quality energy development, which remains unclear. Thus, in this paper, a critical point solution method of Potts model was proposed based on machine learning combined with the principle of critical dynamics, and then it was used to study and predict the time and main characteristics of the critical point of high-quality energy development in China. It was found that China will enter the middle and late industrialization by 2025, and the total energy consumption will peak around 2040, and then accelerate the decline. At the same time, China's energy consumption intensity per unit of GDP will continue to decline, and the level of electrification will continue to increase. In addition, China's energy-related carbon emissions will peak before 2030 and achieve neutrality after 2055.