Long-term and recent time trends in the prevalence of obesity among Dutch men and women

Visscher, Tommy L. S.; Kromhout, Daan; Seidell, Jacob C.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802016

Cited by 121 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Over the same time period that these measurements were made, rates of obesity in the Netherlands doubled from 5 to 10%. 58 Rates of obesity in North America increased over the same period, from 8 to 22%. 1 The second set of DEE data for 393 subjects from North America were measured using DLW over approximately the same interval.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity energy expenditure has not declined since the 1980s and matches energy expenditures of wild mammals

2008

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Objective: Obesity results from protracted energy imbalance. Whether this comprises excessive energy intake, lowered physical activity or both, remains disputed. Design: Physical activity energy expenditure, evaluated in three different ways from daily energy expenditure (DEE) measured using doubly labelled water, was examined for trends over time. Data included subjects in Europe (Maastricht, the Netherlands) and North America extending back to the 1980s. These data were compared with measures from the third world, and measures made on wild terrestrial mammals. Results: Physical activity expenditure in Europe (residual of the regression of DEE on basal energy expenditure (BEE)) has slightly but significantly increased since the 1980s. There was no trend over time in physical activity level (PAL ¼ DEE/BEE), or in the residual variance in DEE once mass, sex and age were accounted for. This latter index of physical activity expenditure also significantly increased over time in North America. DEE of individuals in Europe and North America was not significantly different from individuals measured in the third world. In wild terrestrial mammals, DEE mostly depended on body mass and ambient temperature. Predicted DEE for a 78 kg mammal living at 20 1C was 9.2 MJ per day (95% CI: 7.9-12.9 MJ per day), not significantly different from the measured DEE of modern humans (around 10.2-12.6 MJ per day). Conclusion: As physical activity expenditure has not declined over the same period that obesity rates have increased dramatically, and daily energy expenditure of modern man is in line with energy expenditure in wild mammals, it is unlikely that decreased expenditure has fuelled the obesity epidemic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity energy expenditure has not declined since the 1980s and matches energy expenditures of wild mammals

2008

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“…Time trends in BMI and prevalence of obesity between 1993 and 1997 based on the present data have been presented before, 11 but a comparison between secular trends in BMI and waist circumference and a seasonal variation in BMI and waist circumference have not been presented previously. We hypothesise that secular increases in waist circumference are greater than increases in BMI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…24 Body height is associated with educational category. 25 As educational level increased during the monitoring period with decreasing participation rates, 11,26 it could be questioned whether adjustment for body height in the present crosssectional study was appropriate.…”

Section: Tls Visscher and Jc Seidellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time trends (1993–1997) and seasonal variation in body mass index and waist circumference in the Netherlands

2004

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OBJECTIVE:To compare the time trend and seasonal variation in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. DESIGN: Continuous monitoring health survey carried out between 1 June 1993 and 31 May 1997. SUBJECTS: A total of 8186 men and 9638 women aged 20-59 y from three towns in the Netherlands. MEASUREMENTS: BMI and waist circumference. Obesity was defined as BMI Z30 kg/m 2 , abdominal obesity as waist circumference Z102 cm for men and Z88 cm for women. RESULTS: Levels of BMI and waist circumference increased between 1 June 1993 and 31 May 1997. Among women, the time trend in abdominal obesity was stronger than that in obesity. Further, levels of BMI and waist circumference were higher in winter than in summer seasons. The seasonal variation was larger for abdominal obesity than for obesity, among both men and women. CONCLUSIONS: The time trend in women and the seasonal differences in both men and women were stronger for abdominal obesity than for obesity. Surveys on BMI and waist circumference are only comparable if season is taken into account. Furthermore, the waist circumference is a more sensitive indicator of variations in lifestyle and body composition than is body mass index.

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“…The slim body ideal stirs the desirability of attaining a slim figure, which is especially true amongst women [22]. At present, 40 percent of the adult population in the Netherlands is overweight and 10 percent obese [23]. For children and adolescents, the situation is alarming as well: the percentage of overweight children doubled since the 1980's and accounts for approximately 12 percent [23].…”

Section: Our Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Fat Interface Characters Are Better e-Health Advisors

Vugt

Konijn

Hoorn

et al. 2006

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract.In an experimental setting, we investigated whether body shape similarity between user and interface character affected involvement with, distance towards, as well as intentions to use the character in an e-health context. Users interacted with an interface character with the same (similar) or with a different (dissimilar) body shape as their own. Furthermore, the character's body shape was negatively valenced (heavier than ideal) or positively valenced (same as ideal).In contrast to what one might expect from stereotype research, users perceived non-ideal (fatter) characters as more credible and trustworthy than ideal (slim) characters. Especially users similar in body shape to a non-ideal character felt the least distant towards fatter characters. These users also preferred to use relatively fat characters over slim characters. Considering the increasing amount of overweight people in society, it seems most effective to design interface characters with bodies fatter than in current e-health applications, which often feature slim characters.

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Long-term and recent time trends in the prevalence of obesity among Dutch men and women

Cited by 121 publications

References 19 publications

Physical activity energy expenditure has not declined since the 1980s and matches energy expenditures of wild mammals

Physical activity energy expenditure has not declined since the 1980s and matches energy expenditures of wild mammals

Time trends (1993–1997) and seasonal variation in body mass index and waist circumference in the Netherlands

Why Fat Interface Characters Are Better e-Health Advisors

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