Long-term animal impact modifies potential production of N2O from pasture soil

Brůček, Petr; Šimek, Miloslav; Hynšt, Jaroslav

doi:10.1007/s00374-009-0402-y

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In general, intermediate grazing intensities will negligibly affect or even benefit grassland ecosystems in terms of dry matter production, nutrient cycling and C and N storage, possibly due to increased nutrient availability and facilitated vegetation regeneration (Han et al 2008). Previous studies revealed that intermediate grazing intensities increased plant productivity (plant biomass + biomass removal by grazing) (Chen and Wang 2000) and stimulated the cumulative net N mineralization, nitrification and ammonification (Xu et al 2007) and potential denitrification (Brůček et al 2009), which might support higher soil bacterial diversities. However, it has been shown that long-term heavy grazing significantly decreased the storage of soil C and N and caused grassland degradation (Cui et al 2005;Han et al 2008;Steffens et al 2008), which might result in a decrease in bacterial diversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Intermediate grazing intensities by sheep increase soil bacterial diversities in an Inner Mongolian steppe

et al. 2010

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Ungulate grazing is known to play a crucial role in regulating nutrient cycling and controlling plant community structure and productivity in grassland ecosystems. However, little is known about the effects of grazing intensities on soil bacterial community structure and diversity, particularly at the long-term scale. In this study, we measured plant biomass and diversity, soil characteristics and bacterial community structure and diversity in a 16-year field experiment that had four grazing intensity treatments (non-grazed, CK; low-intensity grazing (LG), moderate-intensity grazing (MG) and high-intensity grazing (HG)) in an Inner Mongolian typical grassland. The CK, LG, MG and HG sites were grazed by 0.00, 1.33, 4.00 and 6.67 sheep ha-1 , respectively. Bacterial community structure and diversity under grazing intensity treatments were assessed with PCR amplification of DNAs extracted from soils and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) separation. The results showed that the CK soil had higher moisture, organic C, NH 4 +-N and NO 3-N concentrations than grazed soils, and the HG treatment had the lowest plant biomass and diversity across all the treatments. Principal components analysis of DGGE patterns showed that the LG and MG treatments were different from the CK and HG treatments. In addition, soil bacterial diversities in the LG and MG treatments were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. The relationships between environmental variables and soil bacterial community structure were assessed using redundancy analysis and we found that soil 2 moisture content, Artimesia frigida biomass and pH were the best indicator of the changes in soil bacterial community structure among all the treatments. Overall, our results indicated that intermediate grazing intensities (LG and MG) increased soil bacterial diversities and along with previous studies in this area, we suggested the MG treatment was the most suitable management practice in the Inner Mongolian steppe, not only supporting greater livestock amounts but also harboring greater bacterial diversity. Keywords plant biomass • plant diversity • grazing intensity • bacteria • community structure • Inner Mongolia • grassland long-term grazing on soil organic carbon content in semiarid steppes in Inner Mongolia. Ecol Res 20: 519-527 Degens BP, Schipper LA, Sparling GP, Vojvodic-Vukovic M (2000) Decreases in organic C reserves in soils can reduce the catabolic diversity of soil microbial communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Intermediate grazing intensities by sheep increase soil bacterial diversities in an Inner Mongolian steppe

et al. 2010

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“…common variable was experimental nutrient addition (C and/or N), where most studies only tested the presence or absence of added nutrients (26,49,(56)(57)(58). However, there were two studies that tested multiple levels and combinations of nutrient additions (21,59). Overall, the literature review highlighted soil pH and experimental nutrient addition as common variables tested for their influence on the N 2 O ratio.…”

Section: Database Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies used in the metaanalysis were biased towards N addition, so this nutrient had more weight in the resulting treatment effect. Indeed, several studies have found that experimental N addition increased the N 2 O ratio (21,24,25,49,(57)(58)(59). The effect of C addition was not considered as often, with a few studies finding an inverse relationship between C addition and the N 2 O ratio (21,26,56) and one finding no significant effect (59).…”

Section: Nutrient Additionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some experimental glucose additions have even been shown to affect organic matter mineralization, potentially mobilizing C and N from soil and making them more bioavailable (62). Furthermore, interactions between these nutrients may complicate the overall effect, as one study noted significant interaction effects between C and N addition (59). Therefore, the impacts of C addition on the N 2 O ratio need further investigation, with particular attention to the possible influences of the C:N ratio and the form of C added.…”

Section: Nutrient Additionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field soil properties and experimental nutrient additions drive the nitrous oxide ratio in laboratory denitrification experiments: a systematic review

Foltz,

Alesso,

Zilles

2023

Front. Soil Sci.

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Nitrous oxide (N2O), which contributes to global climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction, can be produced during denitrification. Although the N2O ratio, a measure of denitrification completion, is influenced by various properties, studies have largely been limited to site- or treatment-specific conclusions. The primary objective of this study was to identify important factors driving N2O ratios and their relationships in soils by systematically reviewing and quantitatively evaluating results from published laboratory denitrification studies. A database with 60 studies (657 observations) was compiled, including studies meeting the minimum criteria: (i) laboratory experiments on soils, (ii) nutrient (carbon and/or nitrogen) addition, and (iii) N2O and dinitrogen gas measurements. Of these, 14 studies (100 observations) had sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis to assess the effect of added nutrients on the N2O ratio. Furthermore, we modeled the effect of moderators on treatment effect by fitting a meta-regression model with both quantitative and categorical variables. Close review of studies in the database identified soil pH, carbon addition, and nitrogen addition as important variables for the N2O ratio, but trends varied across studies. Correlation analysis of all studies clarified that soil pH was significantly correlated with the N2O ratio, where soils with higher pH had lower N2O ratios. The meta-analysis further revealed that nutrient addition had an overall significant, positive treatment effect (0.30 ± 0.03, P<.0001), indicating that experimentally adding nutrients increased the N2O ratio. The model was most significantly improved when soil texture was used as a moderator. The significance of soil texture for the N2O ratio was a major finding of this study, especially since the assays were usually conducted with soil slurries. Overall, this study highlights the importance of field soil properties (i.e., pH, texture) and laboratory conditions (i.e., nutrient addition) in driving the N2O ratio and N2O production from denitrification in soils.

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“…For instance, fencing increases organic matter decomposition by changing the microbial activity (Stark, Tuomi, Strommer, & Helle, 2003). On the other hand, fencing could change nitrogenassociated microbial communities and consequently decreases nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification in soils (Brucek, Simek, & Hynst, 2009;Xu, Li, Wang, Chen, & Cheng, 2007). The mechanisms underlying the fencing-induced change of microbial diversity and the association between microbial community and soil functions remain unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fencing decreases microbial diversity but increases abundance in grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2020

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Fencing usually increases soil organic carbon and nutrients and eventually enhances soil microbial diversity; however with different or even conflicting results, the mechanisms underlying the diversity reduction remain unclear. Aiming to reveal the mechanism of diversity reduction, we explored the soil microbial diversity and community structure in fenced areas (5-and 10-years enclosure) and grazing during a growing season in arid and semiarid steppe, using Illumina sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes. The results revealed that fencing and season both substantially increased soil total organic carbon (TOC), while the enhancing TOC substantially reduced soil pH. Fencing significantly increased soil bacterial and eukaryotic abundance due to the enhancing TOC, which was indicated by positive correlation (p < .05). Contrastingly, fencing significantly decreased soil bacterial and eukaryotic diversity. Our results further revealed that fencing-and season-driven change in soil water content and soil pH played key roles in reducing the bacterial and eukaryotic diversity, respectively. Distance-based linear model demonstrated that fencing dominantly drove the soil bacterial and eukaryotic community variations by explaining 15.64 and 24.88%, respectively, and redundancy analysis showed that the fencing effect was dependent on growing months. Bacteria were dominated by Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria, and eukaryotes were dominated by Streptophyta, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Cyanobacteria relative abundance remained stable from May to September in fencing but substantially increased in grazing. Our findings offer a new insight into the mechanism of the soil microbial diversity reduction, and reveal the season-dependency of fencing effect in arid and semiarid grasslands.

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Long-term animal impact modifies potential production of N2O from pasture soil

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Intermediate grazing intensities by sheep increase soil bacterial diversities in an Inner Mongolian steppe

Intermediate grazing intensities by sheep increase soil bacterial diversities in an Inner Mongolian steppe

Field soil properties and experimental nutrient additions drive the nitrous oxide ratio in laboratory denitrification experiments: a systematic review

Fencing decreases microbial diversity but increases abundance in grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau

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