Long-Term Consumption of Platycodi Radix Ameliorates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via the Activation of AMPK Pathways

Lee, Chae Eun; Hur, Haeng Jeon; Hwang, Jin Taek; Sung, Mi Jeong; Yang, Hye Jeong; Kim, Hyun Jin; Park, Jae Ho; Kwon, Dae Young; Kim, Myung Sunny

doi:10.1155/2012/759143

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…ACC and FAS are key enzymes directly involved in fatty acid synthesis during lipogenesis and are known to be regulated by the AMPK signaling pathway. In agreement with our results, previous studies have shown that components or extractions of PG can mediate expression or activation of FAS, ACC, and other genes involved in the AMPK pathway to affect lipid metabolism in adipose and liver tissue in metabolic disease models [20,21,27]. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that dietary intervention by whole PG is efficient to improve hepatic steatosis via affecting expression of key enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Platycodon grandiflorus Attenuates Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat-Diet Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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The root of Platycodon grandiflorus (PG), with hepatoprotective and anti-oxidation effects, has a long history of being used as food and herbal medicine in Asia. However, the mechanism of PG against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of PG suppressing the development of NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with either a standard chow diet or a HFD, either supplemented with or without PG, for 16 weeks. Serum lipids, liver steatosis, oxidative stress and insulin sensitivity were determined. Expressions or activities of hepatic enzymes in the related pathways were analyzed to investigate the mechanisms. PG significantly reduced HFD-induced hepatic injury and hyperlipidemia, as well as hepatic steatosis via regulating phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC) and expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS). In addition, PG ameliorated oxidative stress by restoring glutathione (GSH) content and antioxidant activities, and improved insulin sensitivity by regulating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Our data showed that dietary PG have profound effects on hepatic insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress, two key factors in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, demonstrating the potential of PG as a therapeutic strategy for NAFLD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Platycodon grandiflorus Attenuates Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat-Diet Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…Moreover, Radix platycodi is also one of the key compounds of TH as it improves obesity and insulin resistance in obese mice via the activation of AMPK/ACC pathways and reduces of adipocyte differentiation [84]. We also obtained the results that TH may modulate fatty acid metabolizing proteins/genes involved in obesity and hepatic injury, particularly via the AMPK pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Among various ingredients of TH, Schisandrae fructus, Herba ephedrae, and Radix platycodi have reported to exhibit protective effects against hyperlipidemia and hepatoteatosis [80][81][82][83][84]. Moreover, Radix platycodi is also one of the key compounds of TH as it improves obesity and insulin resistance in obese mice via the activation of AMPK/ACC pathways and reduces of adipocyte differentiation [84].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic proteome and its network response to supplementation of an anti-obesity herbal mixture in diet-induced obese mice

Kim

Park

Chaudhari

et al. 2015

Biotechnol Bioproc E

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In the present study, we investigated the effects of multi-herbal water extract mixture, Taeumjowi-tang (TH) on liver proteome alteration in mice using twodimensional electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF-MS. Animals were fed high-fat diet with or without TH (0.3% wt/wt) supplement for 12 weeks. At the end of 5 th week of experimental diet, mice fed high-fat diet only were subdivided into 2 groups, obesity-prone (OP) and obesityresistant (OR) mice based on weight gain. OR mice gained less body weight compared to OP mice despite of same food intake. TH significantly suppressed weight gain, and proteomic analysis enabled the identification of 49 liver proteins showing differential regulation between OP and OR/TH mice. Combined results of proteomic and western blot analyses revealed decreased lipogenesis via three fatty acid metabolic targets (AMPK, ACC, and FAS) in livers of OR and TH mice. Using bioinformatic classification and network analysis, most of the identified proteins were classified as hydrolases, oxidoreductases, transferases, defense/immunity proteins, and enzyme modulators based on functional analysis of the PANTHER classification system. Combined results of proteomic and bioinformatic analyses using GeneMANIA identified two proteins (LACTB2 and NIT2) in the liver that potentially interact with fatty acid metabolic proteins. Furthermore, these proteins were included in acetylation, phosphoprotein, and metabolic processes in DAVID classification. These proteins were highly expressed in OP mice; however both their transcription and protein expression were lowered by TH treatment. In conclusion, combined data from proteomic and network analyses suggest that TH exerts anti-obesity effects by modulating fatty acid metabolic proteins/genes, particularly via the AMPK pathway. Most targeted proteins/ genes were modulated toward enhancing lipid metabolism in response to TH treatment.

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“…Previous studies demonstrated that platycodin D regulates adipogenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin (27) and AMPK-dependent signaling pathways (28). In another study, it ameliorated obesity and insulin resistance in obese mice via the activation of the AMPK/ACC pathways, and also reduced adipocyte differentiation (29). It has been reported that Platycodon grandiflorum extract ameliorated obesity in mice fed a high fiber diet and increased glucose uptake in L6 muscle cells by modifying adipokines, which indicates clinical benefits of platycodon as a supplement to treat obesity and diabetes (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of platycodins on liver complications of type 2 diabetes

Luan

Yang

Liu

et al. 2014

Molecular Medicine Reports

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The aim of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of platycodin in liver complications of type 2 diabetes. All rats were randomly divided into two groups: The control group (normal diet) and the model group (a high‑fat and high‑sugar diet). The model group was injected with 2% streptozocin (25 mg/kg body weight) through the tail vein following 4 weeks of dieting. After a total of 8 weeks of dieting, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and liver function were examined. The high‑fat and high‑sugar diet was continued in the successful model rats, which were randomly divided into four groups and treated with the following doses of platycodins: The untreated, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day groups. Platycodins treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Platycodins treatment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight/day reduced the FBG, glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) and liver index levels compared with the untreated group (P<0.05), while the high‑density lipoprotein levels increased (P<0.05). Furthermore, FBG, GPT, TC and LDL levels were returned to the normal level. This dose also increased the expression of BMP‑9 mRNA and BMP‑9 protein, and reduced the expression of Smad‑4 mRNA and Smad‑4 protein. These findings indicate that platycodins can rectify disorders of blood glucose and lipid metabolism, improve liver index and protect liver function in liver complications of type 2 diabetes. The current study suggests that this therapeutic effect is mediated through the BMP‑9/Smad‑4 pathway.

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Long-Term Consumption of Platycodi Radix Ameliorates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via the Activation of AMPK Pathways

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary Platycodon grandiflorus Attenuates Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat-Diet Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Dietary Platycodon grandiflorus Attenuates Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat-Diet Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Hepatic proteome and its network response to supplementation of an anti-obesity herbal mixture in diet-induced obese mice

Effects of platycodins on liver complications of type 2 diabetes

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