Long‐term cryopreservation of dental pulp stem cells (SBP‐DPSCs) and their differentiated osteoblasts: A cell source for tissue repair

Abstract

It is not known whether cells derived from stem cells retain their differentiation and morpho-functional properties after long-term cryopreservation. This information is of importance to evaluate their potential for long-term storage with a view to subsequent use in therapy. Here, we describe the morpho-functional properties of dental pulp stem cells (SBP-DPSCs), and of their differentiated osteoblasts, recovered after long-term cryopreservation. After storage for 2 years, we found that stem cells are still capable of differentiation, and that their differentiated cytotypes proliferate and produce woven bone tissue. In addition, cells still express all their respective surface antigens, confirming cellular integrity. In particular, SBP-DPSCs differentiated into pre-osteoblasts, showing diffuse positivity for ALP, BAP, RUNX-2, and calcein. Recovered osteoblasts expressed bone-specific markers and were easily recognizable ultrastructurally, with no alterations observed at this level. In addition, after in vivo transplantation, woven bone converted into a 3D lamellar bone type. Therefore, dental pulp stem cells and their osteoblast-derived cells can be long-term cryopreserved and may prove to be attractive for clinical applications.

The static magnetic field accelerates the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of dental pulp cells

“…Additionally, DPCs possess immunoprivileges as they can be grafted into allogenic tissues and seem to exert antiinflammatory abilities (Graziano et al 2008b;de Mendonca et al 2008;Laino et al 2005). In bone regeneration, DPCs have been shown to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells in vitro (Papaccio et al 2006) and to repair the large defect of cranial and fibrous bone in vivo (Laino et al 2005;Graziano et al 2008b;de Mendonca et al 2008). However, not all cell populations existing in DPCs have the potential for osteoblastic differentiation (Papaccio et al 2006).…”

“…In bone regeneration, DPCs have been shown to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells in vitro (Papaccio et al 2006) and to repair the large defect of cranial and fibrous bone in vivo (Laino et al 2005;Graziano et al 2008b;de Mendonca et al 2008). However, not all cell populations existing in DPCs have the potential for osteoblastic differentiation (Papaccio et al 2006). Thus it may be essential to augment the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPCs.…”

Mechanical Stretch Increases the Proliferation While Inhibiting the Osteogenic Differentiation in Dental Pulp Stem Cells

“…9 DPSCs are easy to obtain by the extraction of the third molar or the premolar for orthodontic reasons, and can be cryopreserved for long periods and retain their differentiation capability. 10,11 Futhermore, DPSCs have an immunosuppressive activity that inhibits T cell responses. 12 These results suggest that DPSCs could be a promising cell source for regenerative medicine.…”

Osteoblastic/Cementoblastic and Neural Differentiation of Dental Stem Cells and Their Applications to Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

“…This woven bone-like tissue was converted into 3D lamella bone tissue after transplantation in immunocompromised rats. 38 From several in vitro and in vivo studies, the osteogenic differentiation capacity of DPSC has been well proved. Strong alkaline phosphatase expression and mineralized nodule formation can also be generated during osteogenic differentiation of isolated STRO-1 + DPSCs, as shown in Figure 4.…”