Long-term effects of historical heathland farming on soil properties of forest ecosystems

Oheimb, Goddert von; Härdtle, Werner; Naumann, Pascale S.; Westphal, Christina; Aßmann, Thorsten; Meyer, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.12.021

Cited by 63 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Unlike long-term forest soils with humus layers partly inherited from previous generations of the forest, the forest floor developing after afforestation is com-pletely new. However, these soils may still retain a legacy of former cultivation practices such as higher pH and higher extractable nutrients of the soil (Wall, Hytönen 2005;Oheimb et al 2008). This legacy can be a great advantage for a new forest as the soils have medium to high forest site productivity (Wall, Westman 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of juvenile tree species canopy on properties of new forest floor

Kacálek¹,

Dušek²,

Novák³

et al. 2013

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:To keep forest soils fertile, forest practitioners plant mixed stands that are composed of both economically efficient trees such as conifers and soil-improving broadleaves. This is a mandated practice in the Czech Republic. As the new forest grows, it creates a dense canopy. The canopy is a principal source of organic matter to the forest soil. The formation of new forest humus is particularly important in first-generation forests on the former agricultural soil. Former meadow is a suitable site for forest floor and soil investigation since forest-floor humus covering the surface of the soil is a completely new layer. Both pure evergreen conifer and mixed treatments were planted in 2001. The experimental plot was established in order to investigate performance of tree species and restoration of forest-site conditions. We sampled dead-plant material and 0-10 cm topsoil to investigate their properties under the 10-year-old stands. We compared the treatments by descriptive statistics using both univariate and multivariate techniques. Dry mass (medians of weight) varied among the treatments from 11 to 19 Mg·ha -1 . The forest floor nutrient concentrations appeared to be dependent on the presence of admixed deciduous tree species (sycamore maple, small-leaved linden and European larch) as these forest floors (EL1, EL2, NS3, SM) were higher in base cations and phosphorus compared to pure spruce (NS1, NS2) and pure Douglas fir (DF) treatments. The first axis of PCA ordination plot revealed 45% of total variability and showed a clear distinction between evergreen coniferous and mixed species treatments. Young plantations produced forest floors of different quality; however it was not reflected in the topsoil properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of juvenile tree species canopy on properties of new forest floor

Kacálek¹,

Dušek²,

Novák³

et al. 2013

J. For. Sci.

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“…These previous land-use activities may have persistent effects on forest communities and their functioning, manifesting in a long-term, 80-100 years long or even longer recovery of forest soils (van der Wal et al, 2006;von Oheimb et al, 2008).…”

Section: Post-agricultural Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successional traits of ectomycorrhizal fungi in forest reclamation after surface mining and agricultural disturbances: A review

Kałucka

Jagodziński

2016

Dendrobiology

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Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and their symbiotic associations with forest trees are among major drivers of key ecosystem functions such as carbon and nitrogen cycling, plant nutrient and water uptake from soil, plant-plant facilitation/competition and diversity regulation via common mycorrhizal networks. Through their functional traits and interactions with both abiotic and biotic environment, they also significantly affect the process of open land colonization by trees as well as vegetation succession coupled with soil and ecosystem development. Here we review the role of ECM fungi in the early primary and secondary succession following major anthropogenic disturbances. Based on the examples of mine spoils and post-agricultural lands, we demonstrate key ecosystem services provided by ECM fungi in the processes of forest restoration. We point out ecological mechanisms and adaptations which underpin ECM fungal community successional interactions, particularly life histories, dispersal, spatial structure, host preferences, and sensitivity to environmental filters. We emphasize the need of better understanding the role of ECM fungi in the forest restoration practice as it seems crucial for afforestation success and biodiversity rehabilitation. Thus, ectomycorrhizal traits should be a prime consideration in afforestation and carbon sequestration polices, sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation practices.

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“…Changes in the socio-economic situation in north-western Germany resulted mainly in the afforestation of heathland and other nutrient poor habitats since ca. 1800 (Hesmer and Schroeder 1963;von Oheimb et al 2008), thus creating a network of recent woodlands that have connected the ancient woodlands Börsteler Wald and Gehn. This is in contrast to many other European countries with temperate climate where the area of woodlands has steadily decreased (Desender 2005).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel and staining recipes and electrophoresis conditions used in this study

Matern¹,

Drees²,

Oheimb³

et al. 2011

ZOOKEYS

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Only very few cases have documented that an increase in connectivity after a period of fragmentation in ecological time has had an effect on the distribution, genetic structure and morphology of stenotopic species. In this study we present an example of clinal variability in a woodland ground beetle as a result of changes in the connectivity of a landscape during the last two centuries. The study area hosts both the nominate form C. violaceus s. str. and the subspecies C. v. purpurascens, which is ranked as a distinct species by some authors. We studied 12 Carabus violaceus populations from a 30 km transect of ancient and recent forests in north-western Germany. We analyzed three polymorphic enzyme loci, classified the elytron sculpture and measured the shape of the aedeagus tip of the specimens. C. violaceus showed secondary gradients both in allozyme markers and morphometric characters in our study area. A genetic differentiation of 16% between the populations is high but lies within the range of intraspecific variability in habitat specialists of the genus Carabus. Populations had no significant deficit of heterozygotes. We found many hybrid populations in terms of morphological properties. This study highlights the conservation value of ReseARCH ARtiCle Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A peer-reviewed open-access journalAndrea Matern et al. / ZooKeys 100: 545-563 (2011) 546 ancient woodland and the consequences of landscape connectivity and defragmentation on the genetic setting of a ground beetle. Moreover, it shows that differences in the external shape of male genitalia do not prevent gene flow within the genus Carabus. Thus, the establishment of species status should not exclusively be based on this property.

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Long-term effects of historical heathland farming on soil properties of forest ecosystems

Cited by 63 publications

References 50 publications

The impact of juvenile tree species canopy on properties of new forest floor

The impact of juvenile tree species canopy on properties of new forest floor

Successional traits of ectomycorrhizal fungi in forest reclamation after surface mining and agricultural disturbances: A review

Gel and staining recipes and electrophoresis conditions used in this study

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