Long-term effects of risperidone<i>versus</i>haloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and symptomatology in schizophrenia

Rémillard, Sophie; Pourcher, Emmanuelle; Cohen, Henrí

doi:10.1017/s1355617708080090

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The literature suggests that both severity of positive and negative symptoms (Hughes et al, 2003) and longer durations of untreated psychoses (Amminger et al, 2002;Lappin et al, 2007) are linked to poorer cognitive performance in first episode psychosis. Effects of antipsychotic drugs on cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia are not entirely clear: while some studies found positive effects (Selva-Vera et al, 2010;Shim et al, 2012) others found either no effects (Remillard et al, 2008;Kelly et al, 2009) or effects varying by type of medication (conventional/atypical) (Müller et al, 2005). Fourth, the individuals in our sample were all males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Müller

Vetter

Weiser

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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Cognitive deficits have been found to be more prevalent in psychotic than in other disorders. Longitudinal research has shown that these deficits were generally already existent before onset of illness and are therefore not necessarily attributable to neurodegenerative processes. This study investigated whether both low IQ and markers of premorbid cognitive dysfunction independently contribute to an increased risk for psychoses. In a cross-sectional study about 50,000 young Swiss males completed a survey of intellectual problems in childhood/adolescence and other vulnerability factors during military call-up in 2005/2006. Subsequently, military IQ assessments were carried out on the entire sample. Diagnostic assessments were conducted according to International Classification of Diseases-10th edition (ICD-10). Low, especially performance, IQ was highly associated with an increased risk for psychotic disorders after adjusting for preexisting cognitive deficits and covariates, while in other disorders this association was less marked. Furthermore, preexisting intellectual problems emerged as important risk factors for psychoses. Our results confirm the importance of low IQ as characteristic of psychoses. Although premorbid intellectual deficits are common in people who go on to develop psychosis, neurodegenerative disease processes may also precipitate further declines in fluid cognitive functions. Assessment of cognitive functioning should be taken into account in early detection of psychoses. Longitudinal research has shown that these deficits were generally already existent before onset of illness and are therefore not necessarily attributable to neurodegenerative processes. This study investigated whether both low IQ and markers of premorbid cognitive dysfunction independently contribute to an increased risk for psychoses. In a cross-sectional study about Subsequently, military IQ assessments were carried out on the entire sample. Diagnostic assessments were conducted according to ICD-10. Low, especially performance IQ was highly associated with an increased risk for psychotic disorders after adjusting for preexisting cognitive deficits and covariates; while in other disorders this association was less marked.Furthermore, preexisting intellectual problems emerged as important risk factors for psychoses.Our results confirm the importance of low IQ as characteristic of psychoses. Although premorbid intellectual deficits are common in people who go on to develop psychosis, neurodegenerative disease processes may also precipitate further declines in fluid cognitive functions. Assessment of cognitive functioning should be taken into account in early detection of psychoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Müller

Vetter

Weiser

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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“…Therefore the results have to be interpreted with caution. A study comparing the effects of risperidone and haloperidol on verbal memory found that performance on a verbal memory task remained essentially unchanged in both groups (22). Since the authors did not include a non-medicated schizophrenia group but included a healthy group as control this mainly provides evidence that there is no difference between risperidone and haloperidol.…”

Section: Verbal Learning and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Interventions for the MATRICS Cognitive Domains in Schizophrenia: What’s the Evidence?

et al. 2013

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Schizophrenia is a disabling, chronic psychiatric disorder with a prevalence rate of 0.5–1% in the general population. Symptoms include positive (e.g., delusions, hallucinations), negative (e.g., blunted affect, social withdrawal), as well as cognitive symptoms (e.g., memory and attention problems). Although 75–85% of patients with schizophrenia report cognitive impairments, the underlying neuropharmacological mechanisms are not well understood and currently no effective treatment is available for these impairments. This has led to the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) initiative, which established seven cognitive domains that are fundamentally impaired in schizophrenia. These domains include verbal learning and memory, visual learning and memory, working memory, attention and vigilance, processing speed, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. Recently, a growing number of studies have been conducted trying to identify the underlying neuropharmacological mechanisms of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia patients. Specific cognitive impairments seem to arise from different underlying neuropharmacological mechanisms. However, most review articles describe cognition in general and an overview of the mechanisms involved in these seven separate cognitive domains is currently lacking. Therefore, we reviewed the underlying neuropharmacological mechanisms focusing on the domains as established by the MATRICS initiative which are considered most crucial in schizophrenia.

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“…The magnitude of improvement did not differ between patients treated with haloperidol and those treated with secondgeneration antipsychotics. In a long-term study over 12 months 2 Journal of Psychopharmacology 0(0) reported by Rémillard et al (2008) neither conventional nor atypical antipsychotic medications improved neurocognitive functioning significantly. Analysing the dataset from 410 participants of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials in Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) trial, Sakurai et al (2012) found a significant association between neurocognitive function and the estimated D 2 occupancy levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of antipsychotic treatment on cognition in healthy subjects

et al. 2012

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Cognitive impairments can be observed in the majority of diseases with disturbed dopamine transmission. They are considered as core symptoms of schizophrenia, a disorder in which they appear to be particularly pronounced. Their neurobiological background is not yet sufficiently investigated, but dopaminergic systems are believed to play a crucial role. The aim of this single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study was to examine the effects of subchronic antidopaminergic treatment on cognitive functions in healthy subjects. In total, 72 healthy volunteers, randomised into four groups, received one antidopaminergic substance (aripiprazole, haloperidol or reserpine) or placebo, respectively, for 7 days. A comprehensive neurocognitive assessment was conducted at baseline, 24 h after the last medication intake and 7 days later. In the Digit Symbol Substitution Test a distinct, statistically significant improvement was measured in the second session in the placebo but not in the medication group. A significant group*time interaction for reaction times in three subtests of the Test battery for Attentional Performance (TAP) was also found. Our findings indicate that modulation of dopaminergic systems affects primarily speed of information processing, attention and learning. Absence of effects on other functions, differing from previous reports, may be an expression of a sufficient counter-regulation.

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Long-term effects of risperidoneversushaloperidol on verbal memory, attention, and symptomatology in schizophrenia

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Pharmacological Interventions for the MATRICS Cognitive Domains in Schizophrenia: What’s the Evidence?

Effects of antipsychotic treatment on cognition in healthy subjects

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