Long term evaluation of green vegetation cover dynamic in the Atacora Mountain chain (Togo) and its relation to carbon sequestration in West Africa

Folega, Fousséni; Woegan, Yao Agbélessessi; Dourma, Marra; Wala, Kpérkouma; Batawila, Komlan; Seburanga, Jean Leonardo; Zhang, Chunyu; Peng, Dong; Zhao, Xiuhai; Akpagana, Koffi

doi:10.1007/s11629-013-2973-1

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The decline of woodlands and the expansion of savannahs indicated that wood extraction is the main cause of landscape fragmentation and degradation. Similar transformations were observed in adjacent landscapes of the Kara river basin (Badjana et al, 2014) and the upper Northern areas of Togo (Folega et al, 2014b;Folega et al, 2015), where agricultural practices associated with energy wood collection were targeted as prominent factor of natural vegetation loss. Though of small-scale in the study area, agricultural production is regarded as main reason of deforestation and forest degradation in rural areas (Lindstrom et al (2012).…”

Section: Land Use/cover Mapping and Accuracysupporting

confidence: 63%

“…In Togo, several recent studies have been undertaken using GIS and RS to assess and monitor the changes in land resources at national and local scales (Folega et al, 2014b;Folega et al, 2014a;Badjana et al, 2014;Folega et al, 2011;Folega et al, 2015). Human activities especially agricultural expansion, illegal tree logging and incursions in PA as well as settlement enlargement in rural and semi-urban areas have been identified as responsible for most of the changes (Fontodji et al, 2011;Dourma et al, 2009;Kokou et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa)

et al. 2017

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In this study, historical landscape dynamics were investigated to (i) map the land use/cover types for the years 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014; (ii) determine the types and processes of landscape dynamics; and (iii) assess the landscape fragmentation and habitat loss over time. Supervised classification of multi-temporal Landsat images was used through a pixel-based approach. Post-classification methods included systematic and random change detection, trajectories analysis and landscape fragmentation assessment. The overall accuracies (and Kappa statistics) were of 68.86% (0.63), 91.32% (0.79), 90.66% (0.88) and 91.88% (0.89) for 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014, respectively. The spatio-temporal analyses indicated that forests, woodlands and savannahs dominated the landscapes during the four dates, though constant areal decreases were observed. The most important dynamic process was the decline of woodlands with an average annual net loss rate of-2%. Meanwhile, the most important land transformation occurred during the transition 2000-2014, due to anthropogenic pressures. Though the most important loss of vegetation greenness occurred in the unprotected areas, the overall analyses of change indicated a declining trend of land cover quality and an increasing landscape fragmentation. Sustainable conservation strategies should be promoted while focusing restoration attention on degraded lands and fragmented ecosystems in order to support rural livelihood and biodiversity conservation.

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Section: Land Use/cover Mapping and Accuracysupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa)

et al. 2017

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“…Forest ecosystems and wildlife habitats are currently under high human pressure and climate change impacts in West Africa [10][11][12], particularly in Togo [13]. In this country, forest cover is being highly reduced with serious impacts on ecosystem resilience to climate change [14]. It has become important to characterize the spatial process transforming the landscape, because this information could contribute to sustainable conservation planning or better environmental management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Habitat Change Processes within theOti-Keran-Mandouri Network of Protected Areas in Togo (West Africa) from 1987 to 2013 Using Decision Tree Analysis

Polo-Akpisso¹,

Wala²,

Ouattara³

et al. 2019

Sci

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Biodiversity conservation planning is highly important in the current context of global change. Biodiversity conservation can be achieved by understanding changes in land use at the landscape scale. Such understanding is needed to reverse the unprecedented pressure on natural resources that has been reported by many studies conducted on biodiversity conservation within the Oti-Keran-Mandouri protected areas. Land cover maps reflecting different dates (1987, 2000, and 2013) and depicting different management systems, with overall accuracy ranging from 73% to 79%, were analyzed to understand the processes that lead to habitat degradation within these protected areas. The nature of change, within a given land cover class, was determined by comparing land cover maps on different dates using a decision tree algorithm that compares the number of patches, their areas, and their perimeters at different time periods (T1 and T2). Specifically, two time-periods were considered for this analysis: 1987–2000 and 2000–2013. Croplands and settlements increased at an average of 108.13% and 5.45%, respectively, from 1987 to 2000. From 2000 to 2013, croplands gained from all other land categories and continued to increase at a rate of 11.77% per year, whereas forests and savannas decreased at an annual average rate by 5.79% and 2.32%, respectively. The dominant processes of habitat change from 1987 to 2000 were the creation of forests, dissection of savannas, attrition of wetlands, and creation of croplands. Meanwhile, from 2000 to 2013, there was attrition of forests, as well as attrition of savannas, dissection of wetlands, and aggregation of croplands. In general, from 1987 to 2013, natural habitats regressed and were replaced by croplands; forests, savannas, and wetlands decreased at an average annual percentage 5.74%, 3.94%, and 2.02%, respectively, whereas croplands increased at an average annual rate of 285.39% of their own area. Aggregation, attrition, dissection, and creation were the main habitat change processes identified for the overall period from 1987 to 2013. There was habitat loss in forests and savannas and habitat fragmentation in wetland due to attrition and dissection, respectively. Identifying and understanding habitat change processes would enable the taking of appropriate biodiversity conservation actions.

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“…Unfortunately, this rich flora is threatened by anthropogenic activities which depend on forest resources for fire wood energy and charcoal (Folega et al, 2011). The soils of Togo are diverse and include ferralitic soils, vertisols, tropical ferruginous soils, although mainly dominated by poorly developed soils (Folega et al, 2015). The hydrology of Togo comprises three southern rivers including Mono (450 km) the longest, Zio (176 km) Haho (140 km) and lagoons, Togoville, Lomé and Aneho lagoons.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Climate Variability and Its Relations to Vegetation Dynamics in Togo, Western Africa From 1984 to 2017

Fandjinou¹

2019

Appl. Ecol. Env. Res.

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Vegetation, climate and anthropogenic factors in the country of Togo are thought to mutually correlate, however, the degrees to which they correlate remains unclear. This study examined and analyzed patterns of climate variability and how these patterns have influenced vegetation cover dynamics in Togo. Based on data collected from eight meteorological stations, the global climate monitor and European Space Agency, this study analyzed existing trends and relationships between vegetation cover, climate and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using Mann Kendall non-parametric test, ANOVA and p-value tests. The results showed that (1) rainfall correlated strongly with NDVI (pvalue < 0.00001), (2) evapotranspiration was influenced by annual temperatures in the eight sampled meteorological stations across the country (p-values < 0.0001), (3) evapotranspiration and rainfall were negatively correlated, (4) annual NDVI changes can be used to monitor annual rainfalls, (5) Anthropogenic disturbances, such as deforestation from uncontrolled tree logging, farming and low household income, can be quoted among the limiting factors of vegetation cover.

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Long term evaluation of green vegetation cover dynamic in the Atacora Mountain chain (Togo) and its relation to carbon sequestration in West Africa

Cited by 19 publications

References 73 publications

Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa)

Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa)

Assessment of Habitat Change Processes within theOti-Keran-Mandouri Network of Protected Areas in Togo (West Africa) from 1987 to 2013 Using Decision Tree Analysis

Analysis of Climate Variability and Its Relations to Vegetation Dynamics in Togo, Western Africa From 1984 to 2017

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