Long term follow‐up of mass screening for prostate carcinoma in men with initial prostate specific antigen levels of 4.0 ng/ml or less

Ito, Kazuto; Kubota, Yutaka; Yamamoto, T.; Suzuki, Kazuhiro; Fukabori, Yoshitatsu; Kurokawa, Kenji; Yamanaka, Hidetoshi

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20010215)91:4<744::aid-cncr1060>3.3.co;2-3

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Their data showed that subjects with less than 2 ng/mL PSA at the initial examination have a 98.9% chance of having a normal PSA level in 1–2 years. Ito et al 8 . conducted follow‐up studies of long‐term mass screenings for prostate cancer in men with initial PSA levels of 4 ng/mL or less.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual PSA tests are not necessary for men with a PSA level below 2 ng/mL: Findings of the Imari prostate cancer screening program

et al. 2002

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Levels of PSA in men with an initial level below 2 ng/mL remained stable for up to 5 years. Levels of PSA in 97.8- 98.8% of men remained below 3 ng/mL after 1 to 5 years. In contrast, 18-35.3% of men with an initial PSA level between 2.1 and 3 ng/mL showed PSA progression to 3.1 ng/mL or more within 5 years. Our present data suggest that annual PSA testing is not necessary for men with a PSA level below 2 ng/mL. Prostate specific antigen testing could therefore be conducted at longer intervals in such individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual PSA tests are not necessary for men with a PSA level below 2 ng/mL: Findings of the Imari prostate cancer screening program

et al. 2002

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“…A total of 13 021 men received a PSA test, of whom 92.6% had an initial PSA level of 4.0 ng/mL or less. PCa detection rates were 0.18%, 1.0% and 3.6% at a PSA level of <1.0 ng/mL, 1.0–1.9 ng/mL, and 2.0–4.0 ng/mL, respectively …”

Section: Rise Of the Psa‐based Screening Trialsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prostate‐specific antigen‐based prostate cancer screening: Past and future

2015

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Prostate-specific antigen-based prostate cancer screening remains a controversial topic. Up to now, there is worldwide consensus on the statement that the harms of populationbased screening, mainly as a result of overdiagnosis (the detection of clinically insignificant tumors that would have never caused any symptoms), outweigh the benefits. However, worldwide opportunistic screening takes place on a wide scale. The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer showed a reduction in prostate cancer mortality through prostate-specific antigen based-screening. These population-based data need to be individualized in order to avoid screening in those who cannot benefit and start screening in those who will. For now, lacking a more optimal screening approach, screening should only be started after the process of shared decision-making. The focus of future research is the reduction of unnecessary testing and overdiagnosis by further research to better biomarkers and the value of the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, potentially combined in already existing prostate-specific antigen-based multivariate risk prediction models.

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“…Meanwhile, several authors recently reported that annual screening would be unnecessary for all eligible males 19,20 . The determination of optimal re‐screening intervals has become an important issue for designing a more cost‐effective screening program.…”

Section: Cost‐utility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic evaluation of prostate cancer screening with prostate‐specific antigen

Imamura

Yasunaga

2008

Int J of Urology

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Economic issues cannot be ignored in conducting prostate cancer screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Through an electronic search, we reviewed five descriptive cost studies and nine cost-effectiveness/cost-utility analyses concerning PSA screening. Most of the existing evidence was based on mathematical model analysis and the results are enormously disparate. The cost per quality-adjusted life years (QALY) gained was estimated to be $US 63.37 to $68.32, and $8400 to $23 100, respectively, or was dominated by no screening. Economic studies evaluating PSA screening are still far from sufficient. Urologists, epidemiologists and health economists must jointly conduct further studies on not only mortality but also quality of life assessment and economic evaluation, using randomized clinical trials, for a strict evaluation of the actual efficacy of PSA screening. At present, patients should be thoroughly informed of the limitations of PSA screening and , in consultation with urological specialists, make the personal decision of whether to receive it.

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Long term follow‐up of mass screening for prostate carcinoma in men with initial prostate specific antigen levels of 4.0 ng/ml or less

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Annual PSA tests are not necessary for men with a PSA level below 2 ng/mL: Findings of the Imari prostate cancer screening program

Annual PSA tests are not necessary for men with a PSA level below 2 ng/mL: Findings of the Imari prostate cancer screening program

Prostate‐specific antigen‐based prostate cancer screening: Past and future

Economic evaluation of prostate cancer screening with prostate‐specific antigen

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