Long-term functional alterations in sports concussion

Beaumont, Louis De; Henry, Luke C.; Gosselin, Nadia

doi:10.3171/2012.9.focus12278

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This hypothesis is consistent with recent literature showing persistent motor dysfunctions following concussion (De Beaumont et al, 2012). For example, postural stability is now increasingly used as part of post-concussion return-to-play protocols (Harmon et al, 2013) as a growing body of evidence suggests the presence of balance deficits following injury (Guskiewicz, 2001a,b; Cavanaugh et al, 2005; Parker et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Multimodal assessment of primary motor cortex integrity following sport concussion in asymptomatic athletes

Tremblay

Beaulé

Proulx

et al. 2014

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Objective Recent studies have shown, in asymptomatic concussed athletes, metabolic disruption in the primary motor cortex (M1) and abnormal intracortical inhibition lasting for more than six months. The present study aims to assess if these neurochemical and neurophysiological alterations are persistent and linked to M1 cortical thickness. Methods Sixteen active football players who sustained their last concussion, on average, three years prior to testing and 14 active football players who never sustained a concussion were recruited for a single session of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Measures of M1 and whole brain cortical thickness were acquired, and 1H-MRS data were acquired from left M1 using a MEGA-PRESS sequence. Cortical silent period (CSP) and long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) were measured with TMS applied over left M1. Results No significant group differences were observed for metabolic concentrations, TMS measures, and cortical thickness. However, whereas GABA and glutamate levels, and GABA levels and M1 mean thickness were positively correlated in control athletes, these relationships were absent in concussed athletes. Conclusion These data suggest the general absence of neurophysiologic, neurometabolic and neuroanatomical disruptions in M1 three years following the last concussive event. However, correlational analyses suggest the presence of a slight metabolic imbalance between GABA and glutamate concentrations in the primary motor cortex of concussed athletes. Significance The present study highlights the importance of multimodal assesments of the impacts of sport concussions.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Multimodal assessment of primary motor cortex integrity following sport concussion in asymptomatic athletes

Tremblay

Beaulé

Proulx

et al. 2014

Clinical Neurophysiology

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“…Previous research has demonstrated that, in 90% of cases, symptoms abate within 7-10 days of concussion onset [2]. However, using the resolution of symptoms as an indicator of an athlete's readiness to return to play is problematic as sub-clinical neurophysiological deficits may still exist (for review see De Beaumont et al [3]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cortical hypoexcitability persists beyond the symptomatic phase of a concussion

2014

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“…Indeed, from a clinical perspective, sports concussion has been associated with an increased risk of clinical depression [9,10], chronic traumatic encephalopathy [3], Alzheimer's disease [11] and premature ageing [12]. Additionally, there is mounting neurophysiological evidence of cumulative effects of concussions on cognitive functions [13][14][15][16][17] and motor system functioning [18,19] that persist in time [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%