Long Term Influences of Age–Education Transition on the Brazilian Labour Market

Amaral, Ernesto F. L.; Rios-Neto, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves; Potter, Joseph E.

doi:10.1111/j.1470-9856.2011.00642.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Other studies emphasized positive effects of the concentration of skilled workers in the Brazilian labor market (Queiroz and Calazans, 2010). However, variations in cohort size across municipalities in Brazil led to associations with workers' earnings (Amaral, 2012;Amaral et al, 2012;Amaral et al, 2013a;Amaral et al, 2013b;Amaral et al, 2015;Amaral et al, 2016). More specifically, higher proportions of the population in ageeducation groups are negatively associated with income of these groups.…”

Section: Variations In Earnings Due To Demographic and Educational Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies estimated that higher proportions of older and better educated workers have negative correlations with earnings, but these effects have been decreasing over time (Amaral, 2012;Amaral et al, 2012;Amaral et al, 2013a;Amaral et al, 2013b;Amaral et al, 2015;Amaral et al, 2016). Workers with primary education have not experienced improvements on earnings even with their decreasing share in the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Economic sector, demographic composition, educational attainment, and earnings in Brazil

Amaral¹,

Faustino²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2018

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Brazil experienced population ageing and improvement in educational attainment between 1980–2010. Proportion of workers in the formal economic sector increased between 2000–2010. Earnings decreased from 1980 to 1991 and increased in 2000. However, earnings in the formal economic sector decreased again in 2010. We estimate associations of individual- and area-level variables with individual earnings of male workers living in urban areas in Brazil. Ordinary least squares regressions estimate variations on earnings of male workers, using the 1980–2010 Demographic Censuses. Individual independent variables include age, education, economic sector, race/color, marital status, religion, and region of residence. Contextual independent variables consider demographic, educational, and economic sector compositions by areas of residence. Considering individual-level variables, older and better educated workers have higher earnings. Workers in the formal economic sector have higher earnings than in the informal sector. For area-level variables, higher proportions of people working in the formal economic sector have positive associations with earnings. Proportions of people in age-education groups have negative associations with earnings mostly among older workers. For models by economic sector, proportions in age-education groups have higher positive coefficients in the informal sector, compared to the formal sector. Transitions in demographic, educational, and economic sector compositions are correlated with earnings. These effects generate greater economic inequality in the informal sector than in the formal sector. Our main contribution is the estimation of models about associations of individual earnings with individual and area-level variables, which can be replicated for other countries.

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Section: Variations In Earnings Due To Demographic and Educational Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Economic sector, demographic composition, educational attainment, and earnings in Brazil

Amaral¹,

Faustino²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…21 However, variations in cohort size across municipalities in Brazil led to impacts on workers' earnings. [22][23][24][25][26] More specifically, higher proportions of the population in ageeducation groups decrease the income of these groups. These effects are larger for groups with higher educational attainment, but with declining effects over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Demographic and Educational Changes on the Labor Markets of Brazil and Mexico

Amaral

Queiroz

Calazans

2015

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This paper estimates the impact of demographic and educational changes on the earnings and returns to schooling of workers in Brazil and Mexico. Our analysis takes into account demographic, educational and economic variations within each country over time, using Censuses microdata from Brazil and Mexico. Results suggest that demographic and educational transitions generate impact on earnings and on returns to education. The proportion of people in age-education groups tends to have a negative impact on earnings. These impacts are more detrimental among age-education groups with higher education, but they are having less of a negative effect over time. We also find that the concentration of skilled labor has positive impacts on the rates of returns to education and that they are greater than those observed in more developed countries. Moreover, in Brazil and Mexico, these effects are observed throughout the income distribution, contrary to what is observed in studies for the United States.

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Demographic changes, educational improvements, and earnings in Brazil and Mexico

Amaral

Queiroz

Calazans

2015

IZA J Labor Develop

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This paper estimates the association of demographic and educational changes with earnings and returns to schooling of male workers in Brazil and Mexico. Our analysis takes into account demographic, educational, and economic variations within each country over time, using Demographic Censuses microdata from Brazil and Mexico. Results suggest that demographic and educational transitions are correlated with earnings and returns to education. Proportions of people in age-education groups tend to have negative associations with aggregated earnings. Workers with secondary education completed experience negative effects on their earnings by having lower education than university graduates (education effect) and by representing a bigger share of the population than males with university education completed (cohort size effect). The negative correlations of cohort size have been decreasing in magnitude over time. We also find that the concentration of skilled labor in specific locations has positive associations with individual earnings and that they are greater than those observed in more developed countries. Moreover, in Brazil and Mexico, these effects are observed throughout the income distribution, contrary to what is observed in studies for the United States.

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Long Term Influences of Age–Education Transition on the Brazilian Labour Market

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Economic sector, demographic composition, educational attainment, and earnings in Brazil

Economic sector, demographic composition, educational attainment, and earnings in Brazil

Effects of Demographic and Educational Changes on the Labor Markets of Brazil and Mexico

Demographic changes, educational improvements, and earnings in Brazil and Mexico

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