Long-term monitoring of Caco-2 cell growth process using a QCM-cell system

Lee, Chao-Fa; Yan, Tsong‐Rong; Wang, Teng-Ho

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2012.02.027

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Additionally, adding nonadherent beads to the sensor surface showed no change in resonant frequency. These early findings demonstrating the specificity of the changes in resonant frequency of the TSM sensors to cellular adhesion events opened the door to multiple studies using TSM sensors for monitoring adhesion (Khraiche et al, 2005; Khraiche and Muthuswamy, 2012; Lee et al, 2012; Saitakis and Gizeli, 2012; Da-Silva et al, 2013). Although the use of TSM resonators as biosensors encompasses a large number of applications, the commonly used dimensions of the electrodes and resonant frequencies of the crystal in most studies have a narrow range between 5 and 7 mm for electrode diameters, 200 nm for electrode thickness and 5–10 MHz resonant frequencies for the quartz crystal (Kosslinger et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Microscale Thickness Shear Mode (TSM) Resonators for Sensing Neuronal Adhesion

2019

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The overall goal of this study is to develop thickness shear mode (TSM) resonators for the real-time, label-free, non-destructive sensing of biological adhesion events in small populations (hundreds) of neurons, in a cell culture medium and subsequently in vivo in the future. Such measurements will enable the discovery of the role of biomechanical events in neuronal function and dysfunction. Conventional TSM resonators have been used for chemical sensing and biosensing applications in media, with hundreds of thousands of cells in culture. However, the sensitivity and spatial resolution of conventional TSM devices need to be further enhanced for sensing smaller cell populations or molecules of interest. In this report, we focus on key challenges such as eliminating inharmonics in solution and maximizing Q -factor while simultaneously miniaturizing the active sensing (electrode) area to make them suitable for small populations of cells. We used theoretical expressions for sensitivity and electrode area of TSM sensors operating in liquid. As a validation of the above design effort, we fabricated prototype TSM sensors with resonant frequencies of 42, 47, 75, and 90 MHz and characterized their performance in liquid using electrode diameters of 150, 200, 400, 800, and 1,200 μm and electrode thicknesses of 33 and 230 nm. We validated a candidate TSM resonator with the highest sensitivity and Q -factor for real-time monitoring of the adhesion of cortical neurons. We reduced the size of the sensing area to 150–400 μm for TSM devices, improving the spatial resolution by monitoring few 100–1,000s of neurons. Finally, we modified the electrode surface with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) to further enhance adhesion and sensitivity of the TSM sensor to adhering neurons (Marx, 2003 ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Microscale Thickness Shear Mode (TSM) Resonators for Sensing Neuronal Adhesion

2019

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“…The QCM sensor has been adopted as a biosensor because it is versatile and durable, involving both a simple and very stable structure. The QCM sensor has numerous nanoscale applications, including cells [ 4 ], antibody interactions [ 5 ], detection of DNA hybridizations [ 6 ], and viruses [ 7 ]. However, the application of piezoelectric materials as biosensors is a challenge due to losses induced by contact with the liquid medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Impedance Spectroscopy for QCM Sensor in Liquid Medium

Burda

2022

Sensors

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Technological evolution has allowed impedance analysis to become a versatile and efficient method for the precise measurement of the equivalent electrical parameters of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). By measuring the dissipation factor, or another equivalent electrical parameter, the QCM sensor provides access to the sample mass per unit area and its physical parameters, thus ensuring a detailed analysis. This paper aims to demonstrate the benefits of advanced impedance spectroscopy concerning the Butterworth–van Dyke (BVD) model for QCM sensors immersed with an electrode in a liquid medium. The support instrument in this study is a fast and accurate software-defined virtual impedance analyzer (VIA) with real-time computing capabilities of the QCM sensor’s electric model. Advanced software methods of self-calibration, real-time compensation, innovative post-compensation, and simultaneous calculation by several methods are the experimental resources of the results presented in this paper. The experimental results validate the theoretical concepts and demonstrate both the capabilities of VIA as an instrument and the significant improvements brought by the advanced software methods of impedance spectroscopy analysis related to the BVD model.

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“…Therefore, compact sensors, such as the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors, can be placed inside the incubator for long-term cell detection. [32][33][34][35] However, many optical detection platforms, such as microscopy and SPR apparatus, are too bulky and damp-sensitive to be placed into the incubator. These limitations motivated the development of microfluidic cell culture techniques to "minimize" the incubator, where the cell environment was controlled by means of medium perfusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-compartment microfluidic device for long-term live cell detection based on surface plasmon resonance

Deng

Liu

et al. 2016

Biomicrofluidics

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A two-compartment microfluidic device integrated with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) interferometric imaging system has been developed for long-term and real-time cell detection. The device uses a porous membrane sandwiched between two chambers to obtain an exact medium exchange rate and minimal fluid shear stress for cell culture. The two-compartment device was optimized by COMSOL simulations and fabricated using Poly (dimethylsiloxane) elastomer replica molding methods. To confirm the capability of the microfluidic device to maintain the cell physiological environment over long intervals, HeLa cells were cultured in the device for up to 48 h. The cell proliferation process was monitored by both SPR and microscopic time-lapse imaging. The SPR response showed four phases with different growth rates, and agreed well with the time-lapse imaging.

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Long-term monitoring of Caco-2 cell growth process using a QCM-cell system

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Design and Development of Microscale Thickness Shear Mode (TSM) Resonators for Sensing Neuronal Adhesion

Design and Development of Microscale Thickness Shear Mode (TSM) Resonators for Sensing Neuronal Adhesion

Advanced Impedance Spectroscopy for QCM Sensor in Liquid Medium

A two-compartment microfluidic device for long-term live cell detection based on surface plasmon resonance

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