Long-term monitoring of sister chromatid exchanges and micronucleus frequencies in pharmacy personnel occupationally exposed to cytostatic drugs

Pilger, Alexander; Köhler, Ilmar; Stettner, Heinrich; Mader, Robert M.; Rizovski, Blanka; Terkola, Robert; Diem, E; Franz-Hainzl, E.; Konnaris, Christophoros; Valic, Eva; Rüdiger, H. W.

doi:10.1007/s004200000164

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…While eliminating cancer cells, chemotherapy may harm normal cells and may lead to severe complications (Kopjar et al, 2007). When cancer is treated with chemotherapy, it is evident that DNA damage may occur as a result of side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs (Kopjar et al, 2007;Pilger et al, 2000). If chemotherapeutic drugs cause high level of DNA damage, these cells with unrepairable DNA damage start to apoptosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sister chromatid exchanges in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy

2012

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-The study aimed to determine the effects of cytostatic and genotoxic drugs used to treat breast cancer on sister chromatid exchange (SCE). SCE values were examined in 25 female patients with breast cancer in pre-treatment, treatment process and remission period as well as in 22 nonsmoker women via peripheral blood culture technique. The SCE values of patient and control group were analyzed via "Mann-Whitney U test". Whilst SCE values of patient group were 8.25 ± 3.67, 10.19 ± 2.95 and 11.52 ± 3.33 in pre-treatment, treatment process and remission periods respectively, it was 7.01 ± 1.24 in control group. When overall SCE values of patients group in pre-treatment period were compared with those of control group, no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05), whereas highly significant differences were observed between treatment process and remission period of patient groups and control group in terms of SCE values (p < 0.01). If patients are exposed to any cytostatic and clastogenic drugs, the increase in the exchange values was considered remarkable. These findings reinforced the availability of sister chromatid exchange technique in directing of treatment and monitoring the genetic abnormalities caused by genomic instability which may occur due to the drugs used for treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sister chromatid exchanges in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy

2012

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“…Despite the improvement of safety protection measures, the contamination via inhalation of drug aerosols and/or accidents during the preparation of potentially genotoxic/ mutagenic drugs cannot be completely excluded among nurses. [24][25][26] Indeed, transient increases of SCEs and micronuclei (MNs) in cases of accidental contamination, 23 as well as significantly increased rates of SCEs, CAs and MNs in occupationally exposed nurses, were observed. 24,27,28 Although previous published studies have demonstrated a significant increase of CAs among hospital workers occupationally exposed to drugs, 24,27,29,30 in the present study, no chromosomal damage, in terms of increase of the CAs and CAB frequencies, was observed among our nurses sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding confirms the results of previous investigations 31,32 about occupationally exposed nurses, whereas for other hospital workers, such as pharmacy personnel, this pattern was not observed. 23 Increased frequency of CAs is recognized as a potential predictor of cancer, 33,34 whereas no clear association has been observed between high SCE frequencies and cancer risk. 35,36 Increased levels of DNA damage are not necessarily associated with the onset of cancer since the damage actually measured is a consequence of the equilibrium between damage infliction and repair.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,[18][19][20][21] Nevertheless, other studies resulted to be ambiguous, probably because of different exposure conditions and because some confounder factors, such as smoking habits and/or alcohol abuse, were not always properly taken into account. 22,23 In the present study, we evaluated the incidence of CAs and SCEs in a sample of hospital nurses that used complete protective equipment and that have neither smoked nor consumed alcohol or drugs at least 2 years before analysis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the eventual genotoxic damage of nurses chronically exposed to low doses of different drugs.…”

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Chromosomal damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from nurses occupationally exposed to chemicals

2013

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In the present study, we evaluated the induced genome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from a sample of nurses occupationally exposed to low doses of different chemicals. A comprehensive multi-biomarker approach using cytogenetic endpoints was employed for analyzing chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay. The study included 20 nurses and 20 control subjects matched in age, gender and smoking habits. Nurses were exposed to different chemicals, such as cytostatic drugs, anaesthetics, formaldehyde and other sterilizing gases. Significant differences were found between exposure group and control group in terms of SCEs frequency ( p < 0.001) but not in terms of replication index value ( p = 0.845) and CAs ( p = 0.236). Regression analyses indicated that the age and the exposure years did not influence the amount of the chromosomal damage among nurses. Vice versa, among controls, a positive correlation was found between the number of SCEs and age. In conclusion, our results suggest that a continuous long-term exposure to low doses of chemicals could result in increased levels of SCEs among nurses. This data emphasize the importance of biomonitoring nurses and other hospital workers handling drugs.

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“…Iz grafičkog prikaza (slika 6) vidljivo je da je broj istraživanja, koja su primjenom SCE utvrdila pozitivne i negativne rezultate, sličan. U mnogim istraživanjima negativan nalaz SCE dovodi se u vezu s dobrom praksom i pridržavanjem mjera zaštite na radu (46,65,68,73,74).…”

Section: Izmjene Sestrinskih Kromatida (Sce)unclassified

Antineoplastic Drugs as a Potential Risk Factor in Occupational Settings: Mechanisms of Action at the Cell Level, Genotoxic Effects, and Their Detection Using Different Biomarkers

Kopjar

Želježić

Kašuba

et al. 2010

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Nevenka KOPJAR, Davor ŽELJEŽIĆ, Vilena KAŠUBA i Ružica ROZGAJ Institut za medicinska istraživanja i medicinu rada, Zagreb, HrvatskaPrimljeno u siječnju 2010. Prihvaćeno u veljači 2010.U članku je prikazana osnovna podjela antineoplastičnih lijekova prema mehanizmima djelovanja na razini stanice. Objašnjeni su mehanizmi genotoksičnosti najvažnijih vrsta lijekova koji se primjenjuju u okviru uobičajenih protokola za liječenje zloćudnih novotvorina. Navedena je važeća klasifi kacija antineoplastika prema kancerogenom potencijalu, podaci o mutagenom potencijalu te je prikazana njihova podjela u skladu s anatomsko-terapijsko-kemijskim sustavom klasifi kacije. Sustavno su prikazani najvažniji rezultati svjetskih i hrvatskih istraživanja na populacijama radnika izloženih antineoplasticima, provedenih u razdoblju 1980.-2009. s pomoću četiri najčešće primjenjivane metode: analize izmjena sestrinskih kromatida, analize kromosomskih aberacija, mikronukleus-testa i komet-testa. Objašnjena su osnovna načela navedenih metoda te raspravljene njihove prednosti i nedostaci. Biološki pokazatelji daju važne podatke o individualnoj osjetljivosti profesionalno izloženih ispitanika koji mogu poslužiti unaprjeđenju postojećih uvjeta rada i upravljanju rizicima pri izloženosti genotoksičnim agensima. Na osnovi prednosti i nedostataka citogenetičkih metoda zaključeno je da je mikronukleus-test, koji podjednako uspješno dokazuje klastogene i aneugene učinke, jedna od najboljih metoda dostupnih za otkrivanje štetnih djelovanja antineoplastičnih lijekova koji su u aktivnoj primjeni.

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Long-term monitoring of sister chromatid exchanges and micronucleus frequencies in pharmacy personnel occupationally exposed to cytostatic drugs

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Sister chromatid exchanges in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy

Sister chromatid exchanges in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy

Chromosomal damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from nurses occupationally exposed to chemicals

Antineoplastic Drugs as a Potential Risk Factor in Occupational Settings: Mechanisms of Action at the Cell Level, Genotoxic Effects, and Their Detection Using Different Biomarkers

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