Long-term mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection: A national cohort study from Estonia

Uusküla, Anneli; Jürgenson, Tuuli; Pisarev, Heti; Kolde, Raivo; Meister, Tatjana; Tisler, Anna; Suija, Kadri; Kalda, Ruth; Piirsoo, Marko; Fischer, Krista

doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100394

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…(Table 3, Figure 1) Our data showed that COVID-19 survivors have a strong excess of all-cause mortality as reported in a previous study from Estonia. [15] We also confirm an excess mortality during the 2022 summer as already reported by several national statistics and we confirmed its link with the extremely high temperatures. [1][2][3] In our province, the 2022 summer excess of mortality was not appreciable in people below 75 years.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Figure 1. Daily mortality rate in COVID-19 survivors and COVID-19 naïve (assessed on May 31, 2022), Thom Discomfort Index and maximum Temperature in Reggio Emilia, Italy, 2022summer.Our data showed that COVID-19 survivors have a strong excess of all-cause mortality as reported in a previous study from Estonia [15]. We also confirm an excess mortality during the 2022 summer as already reported by several national statistics and we confirmed its link with the extremely high temperatures [1][2][3].…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

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Heat wave, COVID-19, and mortality excess in the 2022 summer: a cohort study on data from Italian surveillances

Venturelli

Mancuso

Vicentini

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We aimed to assess differences in the summer excess of mortality by COVID-19 history using data from the mortality and COVID-19 surveillances. We found 4% excess risk in 2022 summer, compared to 2015-2019. A mortality rate ratio of 1.59 (95%CI 1.39-1.82) for COVID-19 survivors compared to naive, was found. Both were higher in people aged >74 years. During the July heat wave, the excess for COVID-19 survivors decreased and disappeared when excluding people living in nursing homes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

supporting

confidence: 90%

Heat wave, COVID-19, and mortality excess in the 2022 summer: a cohort study on data from Italian surveillances

Venturelli

Mancuso

Vicentini

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…A cohort study of 66,287 people with a positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 and more than 250,000 controls who tested negative found that those who tested positive had a 3-fold increased risk of dying in the following 12 months compared with those who remained uninfected (HR 3.1, 95% CI 2.9-3.3). 70 The risk of dying was highest in the first five weeks following infection. A separate cohort study of 73,435 non-hospitalized people within the Veterans Affairs health system in the US compared mortality at six months following SARS-CoV-2 infection to those without hospitalization or SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Mortality and Acute Care Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Post COVID-19 Condition (Long COVID) in Adults and the Expected Burden for Ontario

Quinn¹,

Katz²,

Bobos³

et al. 2022

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About Us: The Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table is a group of scientific experts and health system leaders who evaluate and report on emerging evidence relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic, to inform Ontario's response. Our mandate is to provide weekly summaries of relevant scientific evidence for the COVID-19 Health Coordination Table of the Province of Ontario, integrating information from existing scientific tables, Ontario's universities and agencies, and the best global evidence. The Science Table summarizes its findings for the Health Coordination Table and the public in Science Briefs.

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first study in the United States analyzing risk factors associated with six-month mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients though some literature from European countries exists in this context [ 4 , 5 ]. Studies on the predictors of acute-mortality outcomes in patients with COVID-19 have been published in the US, but not in the context of six-month mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated With Six-Month Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Institution Study

Kahlon¹,

Kaur²,

Doddi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection can vary from asymptomatic infection to multi-organ dysfunction. The most serious complication of infection with COVID-19 is death. Various comorbid conditions and inflammatory markers have been associated with an increased risk of mortality, specifically within the immediate post-infection period; however, less is known about long-term mortality outcomes. ObjectivesOur objective is to determine risk factors associated with six-month mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. MethodsThis is a single-institution, retrospective study. We included patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from the University of Toledo Medical Center in Toledo, Ohio, who were admitted from March 20, 2020, to June 30, 2021. This study was approved by a biomedical institutional review board at the University of Toledo. Patients with available pre-stored blood samples for laboratory testing were included, and hospital charts were assessed up to six months from the date of a positive COVID-19 test result. Two groups were created based on the mortality outcome at six months from COVID-19 positive test results: survivors and nonsurvivors. The clinical variables or outcomes and laboratory values were compared between the two groups using non-parametric methods due to the small sample size and non-normality of the data. Either the Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables was used for statistical analysis. ResultsLactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and D-dimer levels on admission were found to be significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors. The median high D-dimer level in non-survivors was 5.96 micrograms/milliliter (μg/mL) (interquartile range (IQR): 3.95-11.29 μg/mL) vs 1.82 μg/mL (IQR 1.13-5.55 μg/mL) in survivors (p = 0.019). Median LDH levels were also higher in non-survivors vs survivors, i.e., 621.00 international units per liter (IU/L) (IQR 440.00-849.00 IU/L) vs 328.00 IU/L (IQR 274.00-529.00 IU/L), respectively (p = 0.032). The demographic profile, comorbidity profile, and laboratory data (typically associated with short-term mortality, inflammation, and organ dysfunction) were similar between survivors and non-survivors, except for LDH and D-dimer. ConclusionHigher LDH and D-dimer levels on admission were found to be associated with an increased six-month mortality rate in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. These hematologic data can serve as risk stratification tools to prevent long-term mortality outcomes and provide proactive clinical care in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

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Long-term mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection: A national cohort study from Estonia

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Heat wave, COVID-19, and mortality excess in the 2022 summer: a cohort study on data from Italian surveillances

Heat wave, COVID-19, and mortality excess in the 2022 summer: a cohort study on data from Italian surveillances

Understanding the Post COVID-19 Condition (Long COVID) in Adults and the Expected Burden for Ontario

Risk Factors Associated With Six-Month Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Institution Study

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