Long-Term Soil Accumulation of Chromium, Copper, and Arsenic Adjacent to Preservative-Treated Wood

Lebow, Stan; Foster, Daniel O.; Evans, James W.

doi:10.1007/s00128-003-9055-y

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Cr–As complexes can also bind wood components (Bull 2001; Lebow et al 2004b). Any soluble Cr [Cr(VI)] present after wood treatment is fixed (reduced to the trivalent form) with time (Bull 2000, 2001; Henshaw 1979; Nico et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium on the Hands of Children After Playing in Playgrounds Built from Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA)–Treated Wood

Hamula

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2006

Environ Health Perspect

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Children’s exposure to arsenic and chromium from playground equipment constructed with chromated copper arsenate (CCA)–treated wood is a potential concern because of children’s hand-to-mouth activity. However, there exists no direct measure of Cr levels on the hands of children after playing in such playgrounds. In this study we measured both soluble and total Cr on the hands of 139 children playing in playgrounds, eight of which were constructed with CCA-treated wood and eight of which were not. Children’s age and duration of play were recorded. The hands of each child were washed after play with 150 mL deionized water, which was collected in a bag and subsequently underwent analysis of Cr and 20 other elements, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Total average Cr on the hands of 63 children who played in CCA playgrounds was 1,112 ± 1,089 ng (median, 688; range 78–5,875). Total average Cr on the hands of 64 children who played in non-CCA playgrounds was 652 ± 586 ng (median, 492; range 61–3,377). The difference between the two groups is statistically significant (p < 0.01). Cr levels were highly correlated to both Cu (r = 0.672) and As (r = 0.736) levels in CCA playgrounds (p ≤ 0.01), but not non-CCA playgrounds (r = 0.252 and 0.486 for Cu and As, respectively). Principal-component analysis indicates that Cr, Cu, and As are more closely grouped together in CCA than in non-CCA playgrounds. These results suggest that the elevated levels of Cr and As on children’s hands are due to direct contact with CCA wood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium on the Hands of Children After Playing in Playgrounds Built from Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA)–Treated Wood

Hamula

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2006

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Desde este punto de vista, es razonable asumir que una vez que el proceso de fijación se ha completado, la lixiviación posterior de CCA, que pudiera tener lugar en piezas de dimensiones comerciales de la madera de Pinus elliottii (Engelm. ), puesta en servicio en contacto con el ambiente sea insignificante o nula, similarmente a lo que han confirmado las investigaciones de Lebow et al (2000), Schultz et al (2002), Kennedy (2004), Solo-Gabriele et al (2004) y Lebow et al (2004).…”

Section: Universidad Del Bío -Bíounclassified

“…Schultz et al (2002) evaluaron el efecto de dos sitios con suelos totalmente diferentes sobre la pérdida de los componentes individuales del CCA-C de estacas enterradas de albura de Pinus elliottii. Lebow et al (2004) determinaron los niveles de arsénico, cobre y cromo adyacentes a estacas de albura de Pinus elliotti tratadas con preservante CCA-C y enterradas durante 22 años en cementerios de estacas en el Estado de Wisconsin y el Estado de Mississippi (Estados Unidos). Kennedy (2004) estudió la pérdida de preservantes de madera en tablas de Pinus radiata que estuvieron a la intemperie durante 300 días en Queensland (Australia).…”

Section: Introduccionunclassified

Fijación química del preservante CCA-C en la madera de Pinus elliottii Parte 1: Influencia de la temperatura y de la humedad relativa

Wottitz

Moreno

2011

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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RESUMENLos preservantes hidrosolubles se usan frecuentemente para aumentar la durabilidad de la madera en construcciones civiles, entre los cuales el CCA (arseniato de cobre cromatado) es el que presenta mejores propiedades. Para evitar que los preservantes lixivien cuando la madera se encuentre en servicio se deben someter a un tratamiento de fijación tal que los preservantes y los componentes de la madera reaccionen para formar productos químicos estables. En este trabajo se analiza la influencia de la temperatura y la humedad relativa sobre el proceso de fijación del CCA en la madera de Pinus elliottii (Engelm.). Para ello se utilizaron probetas cúbicas de 2 cm de arista, se impregnaron mediante un proceso vacío-presión con solución de CCA-C al 2 % en masa y se trataron en cámara climatizadora según nueve combinaciones de temperatura y humedad relativa durante siete días. La evaluación del proceso de fijación se llevó a cabo mediante la determinación por espectrofotometría UV-Vis de la concentración de Cr(VI) lixiviado del aserrín de la madera tratada con agua desmineralizada. Las combinaciones de mayor temperatura y mayor humedad relativa favorecen tanto las reacciones de fijación como la velocidad de las mismas. En particular a la combinación de T 40 ºC y HR 80 % se produce la máxima fijación y también la máxima velocidad de las reacciones. La interacción de los factores temperatura y humedad relativa es significativa sobre el proceso de fijación del preservante CCA en la madera de Pinus elliotti (Engelm.). Palabras claves:Fijación química, preservantes CCA, Pinus elliottii, temperatura, humedad relativa. ABSTRACTThe water-borne preservatives are often used to increase the durability of wood-tion in civil constructions including the CCA (chromated copper arsenate) is the one with bet-ter properties. To prevent leaching when the wood preservative is in service must be submitted to a treatment setting such that the preservatives and wood components react to form stable chemical products. This paper analyzes the influence of temperature and relative humidity on CCA fixation process in the wood of Pinus elliottii (Engelm.). For this purpose, cubic specimens of 2 cm edge, is impregnated by vacuumpressure process solution of CCA-C to 2% by mass and were treated in climatic chamber under nine combinations of temperature and relative humidity for seven days. The fixing process evaluation was conducted by measuring UV-Vis spectrophotometry in the concentration of Cr (VI) leached from the sawdust from wood treated with demineralized water. The combination of higher temperatures and

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“…Of the three types of CCA (A, B and C), type C is the most commonly used in Korea. This type of CCA is composed of 47.5% CrO3, 18.5% CuO and 35% As2O5 5) . Several studies have shown that Cr, Cu and As leach from structures built using CCA-treated wood, resulting in contamination of the surrounding soils 6,7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Monitoring of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Soils Adjacent to CCA-Treated Wood Structures in Gangwon Province, South Korea

Abdelhafez¹,

Awad²,

Kim³

et al. 2009

Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture

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Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is a chemical wood preservative that has been intensively used to protect wood from decay during the last few decades. CCA is widely used to build structures such as decks, fences, playgrounds and boardwalks. However, structures constructed of CCA-treated wood have caused adverse environmental effects due to leaching of Cr, Cu and As into surrounding soils. This research was conducted to monitor the vertical and horizontal distribution of Cr, Cu and As in soils adjacent to CCA-treated wood structures in Korea. Two structures constructed with CCA-treated wood were selected at Hongcheon and Chuncheon in Gangwon Province, South Korea. Eleven soil profile samples were collected at depths of 0 to 80 cm at each site, while 12 surface soil samples were collected at distances of 0 to 200 cm from each structure. The soil chemical properties, soil particle size distribution and total metal concentrations were then determined. The results revealed that soils near CCA-treated wood structures were generally contaminated with Cr, Cu and As when compared to the background concentration of each metal. In addition, the concentrations of Cr, Cu and As in soils decreased as the vertical and horizontal distance from the structure increased. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the mobility and distribution of these metals in the environment as well as to develop novel technologies for remediation of CCA contaminated soils.

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Long-Term Soil Accumulation of Chromium, Copper, and Arsenic Adjacent to Preservative-Treated Wood

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Chromium on the Hands of Children After Playing in Playgrounds Built from Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA)–Treated Wood

Chromium on the Hands of Children After Playing in Playgrounds Built from Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA)–Treated Wood

Fijación química del preservante CCA-C en la madera de Pinus elliottii Parte 1: Influencia de la temperatura y de la humedad relativa

Environmental Monitoring of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Soils Adjacent to CCA-Treated Wood Structures in Gangwon Province, South Korea

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