Long-Term Tracking of the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse BMSCs by Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoparticles

Gao, Meng; Chen, Junjian; Lin, Gengwei; Li, Shiwu; Wang, Lin; Qin, Anjun; Zhao, Zujin; Li, Ren; Wang, Yingjun; Tang, Ben Zhong

doi:10.1021/acsami.6b05471

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…BMSCs are capable of osteogenic differentiation, which indicates the prospect of the clinical application for biotherapy based on BMSCs (19). Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, in vitro and in vivo, has been extensively studied (20,21). The results of the present study demonstrated that glycitin promotes cell proliferation, osteoblast induction, and activates Col I mRNA expression and ALP activity of BMSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Glycitin regulates osteoblasts through TGF-β or AKT signaling pathways in bone marrow stem cells

Zhang

Chen

Chai

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of glycitin on the regulation of osteoblasts from bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) through transforming growth factor (TGF)-β or protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. BMSCs were extracted from New Zealand white rabbits and used to analyze the effect of glycitin on BMSCs. BMSCs were cleared using xylene and observed via light microscopy. BMSCs were subsequently induced with glycitin (0.01, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 µM) for 7 days, and stained with Oil Red O. The mechanism of action of glycitin on BMSCs was investigated, in which contact with collagen type I (Col I), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), TGF-β and AKT was studied. Firstly, BMSCs appeared homogeneously mazarine blue, and which showed that BMSCs were successful extracted. Administration of glycitin increased cell proliferation and promoted osteoblast formation from BMSCs. Furthermore, glycitin activated the gene expression of Col I and ALP in BMSCs. Notably, glycitin suppressed protein expression of TGF-β and AKT in BMSCs. These results indicated that glycitin may regulate osteoblasts through TGF-β or AKT signaling pathways in BMSCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Glycitin regulates osteoblasts through TGF-β or AKT signaling pathways in bone marrow stem cells

Zhang

Chen

Chai

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…A similar magnitude of large Stokes shift (160 to 180 nm) has not only been observed in dyes but also in dyes that aggregate to form nanoparticles. 37,38 If we look carefully at the excitation spectrum ( Fig. 4c) instead of the absorption spectrum (the former being more sensitive than the latter), we will notice that the tail of the excitation spectrum is extended to 550 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular origin of photoluminescence of carbon dots: aggregation-induced orange-red emission

Gude

Das

Chatterjee

et al. 2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

153

127

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The molecular origin of the photoluminescence of carbon dots (CDs) is not known. This restricts the design of CDs with desired optical properties. We have synthesized CDs starting from carbohydrates by employing a simple synthesis method. We were able to demonstrate that the CDs are composed of aggregated hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) derivatives. The optical properties of these CDs are quite unique. These CDs exhibit an excitation-independent PL emission maximum in the orange-red region (λ ∼ 590 nm). These CDs also exhibit excitation as well as monitoring wavelength-independent single exponential PL decay. These observations indicate that only one type of chromophore (HMF derivative) is present within the CDs. Several HMF derivatives are aggregated within the CDs; therefore, the aggregated structure cause a large Stokes shift (∼150 nm). By several control experiments, we showed that the same aggregated chromophore unit (HMF derivative), and not the individual fluorophores, is the fluorescing unit. The emission maximum and the single exponential PL lifetime are independent of the polarity of the medium. The existence of a low-lying trap state could be reduced quite significantly. A model has been proposed to explain the interesting steady state and dynamical photoluminescence behaviour of the CDs. As the molecular origin of their photoluminescence is known, CDs with desired optical properties can be designed.

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“…Given that ideal fluorescent agents for fluorescence imaging should possess large Stokes shift, excellent photostability, highly efficient emission, and free of ACQ effect, AIEgens are good candidates. In fact, AIEgens have been widely applied for monitoring biological processes,19c such as osteogenic differentiation, droplet‐lysosome interplay, autophagy, mitophagy, apoptosis, cancer cell progression, tumor growth,49b,61 macrophage phagocytosis, embryonic development, and lipid metabolism . Herein, we discuss some other recent examples that were performed in small animal models.…”

Section: Monitoring Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed, AIEgens outperform conventional contrast agents (e.g., quantum dots, rare‐earth‐doped NPs, and semiconductor polymer dots), in terms of their superior photobleaching‐resistance, low toxicity, high fluorescent efficiency, and lack of ACQ effect. Indeed, stem cell tracking based on AIEgens has attracted increasing attention in recent years . For example, Yang et al71c used NIR fluorescent AIE dots (TP‐TPACN dots) for in vivo tracking of transplanted adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs), and visualized the therapeutic mechanism of ADSCs in an X‐ray radiation‐induced skin injury mouse model ( Figure A,B).…”

Section: Monitoring Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising Applications of AIEgens in Animal Models

Situ

Zhao

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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organisms cannot be achieved from these static findings. Therefore, gaining in-depth insights into biological and physiological functions at the in vivo level is of great significance, and various imaging techniques have been explored for this purpose. [1] In addition to the clinically available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonic imaging, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography, fluorescence imaging (another distinct type of optical imaging [1c] from bioluminescence imaging [2] ) has attracted increasing attention, owing to its advantages of high temporal-spatial resolution and sensitivity, noninvasive, and real-time applications, and the ability to provide dynamic information for basic research and (pre-)clinical settings at cellular and subcellular levels. [3] Fluorescent probes or contrast agents are essential for fluorescence imaging. Compared with fluorescent proteins, [4] inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), [5] such as quantum dots, [6] upconversion NPs, [7] and metallic NPs, [8] and organic dyes [9] (e.g., U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved 5-ALA, indocyanine green (ICG), and methylene blue), organic NPs [10] have obvious advantages, such as easy preparation and good biocompatibility. However, many organic NPs show weak fluorescence because they are made with conventional organic dyes, which suffer from the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, i.e., their fluorescence is partially or completely quenched in the aggregated state.The advent of the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) concept offers a new strategy to deal with ACQ. [11] AIE refers to the interesting photophysical phenomenon that luminogens are weakly fluorescent or nonfluorescent in solution but show greatly enhanced emission in the aggregated state, primarily because of restricted intramolecular motion. [12] The past 19 years have witnessed spectacular advances of AIEgens, [13] due to their advantages of structural variety, easy functionalization, strong luminescence, large Stokes shift, high photobleaching-resistance, and so on. In particular, various AIE bioprobes have been designed: [14] (i) water-soluble AIEgens, which are comprised of a hydrophobic AIE core and hydrophilic units (e.g., ionic groups, peptides, carbohydrates, DNA, aptamers, antibodies, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)); (ii) bare AIEgen dots (nanoaggregates); iii) AIEgen/biopolymer dots, which can be obtained by loading AIEgens onto biopolymer matrixes covalently (e.g., chitosan, dextran, and starch) or noncovalently (e.g., bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin (HSA), and fetal bovine serum (FBS)); (iv)In vivo investigations using small animal models are of great significance for the comprehensive understanding of biological and physiological functions-seeing is believing. Fluorescence imaging can provide real-time and dynamic information of living systems. During the past few years, aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) are widely and rapidly developed for biolog...

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Long-Term Tracking of the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse BMSCs by Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoparticles

Cited by 37 publications

References 40 publications

Glycitin regulates osteoblasts through TGF-β or AKT signaling pathways in bone marrow stem cells

Glycitin regulates osteoblasts through TGF-β or AKT signaling pathways in bone marrow stem cells

Molecular origin of photoluminescence of carbon dots: aggregation-induced orange-red emission

Promising Applications of AIEgens in Animal Models

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