Long-term treatment with kefir probiotics ameliorates cardiac function in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Silva-Cutini, Mirian Almeida; Almeida, Simone Alves de; Nascimento, Andrews Marques do; Abreu, Gláucia Rodrigues de; Bissoli, Nazaré Souza; Lenz, Dominik; Endringer, Denise Coutinho; Brasil, Girlândia Alexandre; Lima, Ewelyne Miranda de; Biancardi, Vinícia Campana; Andrade, Tadeu Uggere de

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.006

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Of these fermented dairy products, kefir in particular has been associated with a large amount of health benefits that have been ascribed to whole kefir, kefir micro-organisms, lactic acid and/or exopolysaccharides (3,4) . These health benefits include serum and plasma cholesterollowering abilities (5)(6)(7) , angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity (8) , improved cardiac function (9) , immunomodulatory characteristics (10) and an ability to improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) . These characteristics have led to a surge in the popularity of kefir as a functional probiotic food with the ability to improve one's health.…”

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confidence: 99%

Kefir microbial composition is a deciding factor in the physiological impact of kefir in a mouse model of obesity

Bourrie

Fouhse

et al. 2020

Br J Nutr

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Kefir consumption has been demonstrated to improve lipid and cholesterol metabolism, however our previous study identified that benefits vary between different commercial and traditional kefir. Here, we investigate the ability of pitched culture kefir, i.e., kefir produced by a small number of specific strains, to recapitulate health benefits of a traditional kefir, in a diet induced obesity mouse model, and examine how microbial composition of kefir impacts these benefits. Eight week old female C57BL/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (40% kcal from fat) supplemented with one of 5 kefir varieties (traditional, pitched, pitched with no Lactobacillus, pitched with no yeast, and commercial control) at 2mL in 20 grams of food for 8 weeks prior to analysis of plasma and liver lipid profiles, and liver gene expression profiles related to lipid metabolism. Both traditional and pitched kefir lowered plasma cholesterol by ~35% (P=0.0005) and liver triglycerides by ~55% (P=0.0001) when compared to commercial kefir despite no difference in body weight. Furthermore, pitched kefir produced without either yeast or Lactobacillus did not lower cholesterol. The traditional and pitched kefir with the full complement of microbes were able to impart corresponding decreases in the expression of the cholesterol and lipid metabolism genes encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and CD36 in the liver. These results demonstrate that traditional kefir organisms can successfully be utilized in a commercial process, while highlighting the importance of microbial interactions during fermentation in the ability of fermented foods to benefit host health.

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confidence: 99%

Kefir microbial composition is a deciding factor in the physiological impact of kefir in a mouse model of obesity

Bourrie

Fouhse

et al. 2020

Br J Nutr

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“…Chronic consumption of this synbiotic attenuates the abnormal increase in BP in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which has been the most commonly used genetically hypertensive animal for a better understanding of several cardiovascular abnormalities. Kefir has been tested in the protection of vascular endothelial dysfunction [29] and in the correction of impaired autonomic cardiovascular function [30, 31], including its inhibitory effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) [32] (Figure 2). Therefore, there is growing evidence that probiotics could be a promising natural coadjuvant in the prevention/treatment of CVD, including the hypertensive process.…”

Section: Probiotics As Promising Coadjuvants For Prevention/treatmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics as Beneficial Dietary Supplements to Prevent and Treat Cardiovascular Diseases: Uncovering Their Impact on Oxidative Stress

Vasquez

Pereira

Peotta

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The gut microbiota, the ecosystem formed by a wide symbiotic community of nonpathogenic microorganisms that are present in the distal part of the human gut, plays a prominent role in the normal physiology of the organism. The gut microbiota’s imbalance, gut dysbiosis, is directly related to the origin of various processes of acute or chronic dysfunction in the host. Therefore, the ability to intervene in the gut microbiota is now emerging as a possible tactic for therapeutic intervention in various diseases. From this perspective, evidence is growing that a functional dietary intervention with probiotics, which maintain or restore beneficial bacteria of the digestive tract, represents a promising therapeutic strategy for interventions in cardiovascular diseases and also reduces the risk of their occurrence. In the present work, we review the importance of maintaining the balance of the intestinal microbiota to prevent or combat such processes as arterial hypertension or endothelial dysfunction, which underlie many cardiovascular disorders. We also review how the consumption of probiotics can improve autonomic control of cardiovascular function and provide beneficial effects in patients with heart failure. Among the known effects of probiotics is their ability to decrease the generation of reactive oxygen species and, therefore, reduce oxidative stress. Therefore, in this review, we specifically focus on this antioxidant capacity and its relationship with the beneficial cardiovascular effects described for probiotics.

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“…Notably, the word kefir is derived from the Turkish keyif, which translates as "good feeling". Indeed, numerous health benefits have been ascribed to kefir [62,75], such as anti-inflammatory effects in animal models [41,47,61], reduced obesity symptomatology in high fat diet-induced obese mice [11,30,40], and reduced hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats [73]. Furthermore, kefir administration has been shown to reduce physical fatigue and improve exercise performance in mice [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct actions of the fermented beverage kefir on host behaviour, immunity and microbiome gut-brain modules in the mouse

et al. 2020

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Background: Mounting evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiota in modulating brain physiology and behaviour, through bi-directional communication, along the gut-brain axis. As such, the gut microbiota represents a potential therapeutic target for influencing centrally mediated events and host behaviour. It is thus notable that the fermented milk beverage kefir has recently been shown to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota in mice. It is unclear whether kefirs have differential effects on microbiota-gut-brain axis and whether they can modulate host behaviour per se. Methods: To address this, two distinct kefirs (Fr1 and UK4), or unfermented milk control, were administered to mice that underwent a battery of tests to characterise their behavioural phenotype. In addition, shotgun metagenomic sequencing of ileal, caecal and faecal matter was performed, as was faecal metabolome analysis. Finally, systemic immunity measures and gut serotonin levels were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Fr1 ameliorated the stress-induced decrease in serotonergic signalling in the colon and reward-seeking behaviour in the saccharin preference test. On the other hand, UK4 decreased repetitive behaviour and ameliorated stress-induced deficits in reward-seeking behaviour. Furthermore, UK4 increased fear-dependent contextual memory, yet decreased milk gavage-induced improvements in long-term spatial learning. In the peripheral immune system, UK4 increased the prevalence of Treg cells and interleukin 10 levels, whereas Fr1 ameliorated the milk gavage stress-induced elevation in neutrophil levels and CXCL1 levels. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that both kefirs significantly changed the composition and functional capacity of the host microbiota, where specific bacterial species were changed in a kefir-dependent manner. Furthermore, both kefirs increased the capacity of the gut microbiota to produce GABA, which was linked to an increased prevalence in Lactobacillus reuteri.

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Long-term treatment with kefir probiotics ameliorates cardiac function in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 36 publications

References 51 publications

Kefir microbial composition is a deciding factor in the physiological impact of kefir in a mouse model of obesity

Kefir microbial composition is a deciding factor in the physiological impact of kefir in a mouse model of obesity

Probiotics as Beneficial Dietary Supplements to Prevent and Treat Cardiovascular Diseases: Uncovering Their Impact on Oxidative Stress

Distinct actions of the fermented beverage kefir on host behaviour, immunity and microbiome gut-brain modules in the mouse

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