Long-term trends in water temperature and ice cover in the subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, and nearby lakes and rivers

Kvambekk, Ånund Sigurd; Melvold, Kjetil

doi:10.1007/s10750-010-0158-2

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The lake surface temperature may reach more than 17°C during summer (Kloster, 1978), and monthly means up to or above 16°C have been recorded in the outlet during some recent years (Kvambekk & Melvold, 2010). Lake temperatures in autumn have increased by 1.4°C during the last 10 years, with a 3°C increase in September temperatures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of size and growth rate in determining mercury concentrations in European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn

et al. 2010

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The alien fish species, European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus), was recorded in the mountain lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, southern Norway, for the first time in 1969. After some years minnows were observed in the diet of brown trout (Salmo trutta). In 2006, brown trout had significantly higher d 15 N values than European minnow, indicating that brown trout holds the top trophic position in the lake food web. The d 15 N signatures of brown trout were significantly correlated to fish size, age and mercury concentration, while d 15 N signatures in minnows did not show any change with fish size, age and mercury concentrations, indicating that European minnow remain at the same trophic level throughout the life history. The mercury concentrations (mg kg -1 w.w.) in brown trout and minnows were in the range 0.014-0.093 and 0.014-0.16, respectively. For both species, positive relationships between total mercury concentrations and fish length, weight and age were found. Although European minnow was found as prey in brown trout stomachs, minnow had significantly higher mercury concentrations than brown trout. It is most likely that the higher mercury concentrations in the European minnow are due to the high metabolic rate, with more energy spent on maintenance than on growth as a consequence of its small size and very low annual growth rate compared to brown trout. Changes in population densities of both brown trout and European minnow may influence their habitat use, feeding preferences and metabolism, and may thus potentially lead to changes in the mercury loads of both species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of size and growth rate in determining mercury concentrations in European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn

et al. 2010

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“…It is shallow, with a maximum depth of 13 m. The hydrological regime of the lake contrasts between the spring spate when lake waters are renewed within a few days to a situation with very low water inputs during the winter, when lake waters are barely renewed (Larsson et al, 1978). The lake is ice covered from late October until the beginning of June (Kvambekk & Melvold, 2010).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1986, ice break took place around 8 June (Kvambekk & Melvold, 2010). Studies of the initial contamination of brown trout (Salmo trutta) (Brittain et al, 1991) showed a gradual increase in activity concentrations of 137 Cs in brown trout during the summer of 1986, culminating in a maximum mean activity concentration of 7,200 Bg/kg w.w. in late August.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term trends and variation in 137Cs activity concentrations in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Øvre Heimdalsvatn, a Norwegian subalpine lake

Brittain

Gjerseth

2010

Hydrobiologia

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The Norwegian mountain lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, received major fallout from the Chernobyl accident in the spring of 1986. Activity concentrations of 137 Cs have been monitored annually in the brown trout (Salmo trutta) population of the lake over a 22-year period since 1986. The activity concentrations of 137 Cs in brown trout have declined over the period, although in recent years there has been little or no reduction in activity concentrations. Throughout the period, there has been considerable individual variation in 137 Cs activity concentrations. Within a single year, fish weight was the most significant factor affecting activity concentrations of 137 Cs in individual fish, although sex and ageÁweight were significant explanatory variables. The ''size effect'' was not significant during the initial period after fallout and in some recent years. During the first years after fallout, the ecological halflife of 137 Cs in brown trout was 3-4 years, but during the last decade this has increased significantly and has approached the physical half-life of 30 years for 137 Cs, suggesting a dynamic equilibrium between catchments inputs, possible remobilisation from lake sediments and lake outputs of 137 Cs.

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“…While warming lake temperatures from longer ice free seasons could alter the lake stratification (e.g. Kvambekk and Melvold, 2010;Mueller et al, 2009) an assumption was made that the mixed layer remained constant in the future simulations. In order to represent potential changes to the mixed layer a lake model such as the Freshwater Lake model (FLake: Mironov, 2008) could be used to provide mixed layer information for CLIMo (Kheyrollah Pour et al, 2011).…”

Section: Lake Ice Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fate of lake ice in the North American Arctic

Brown

Duguay

2011

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Lakes comprise a large portion of the surface cover in northern North America, forming an important part of the cryosphere. The timing of lake ice phenological events (e.g. break-up/freeze-up) is a useful indicator of climate variability and change, which is of particular relevance in environmentally sensitive areas such as the North American Arctic. Further alterations to the present day ice regime could result in major ecosystem changes, such as species shifts and the disappearance of perennial ice cover. The Canadian Lake Ice Model (CLIMo) was used to simulate lake ice phenology across the North American Arctic from 1961-2100 using two climate scenarios produced by the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM). Results from the 1961-1990 time period were validated using 15 locations across the Canadian Arctic, with both in situ ice cover observations from the Canadian Ice Database as well as additional ice cover simulations using nearby weather station data. Projected changes to the ice cover using the 30-year mean data between 1961-1990 and 2041-2070 suggest a shift in break-up and freeze-up dates for most areas ranging from 10-25 days earlier (break-up) and 0-15 days later (freeze-up). The resulting ice cover durations show mainly a 10-25 day reduction for the shallower lakes (3 and 10 m) and 10-30 day reduction for the deeper lakes (30 m). More extreme reductions of up to 60 days (excluding the loss of perennial ice cover) were shown in the coastal regions compared to the interior continental areas. The mean maximum ice thickness was shown to decrease by 10-60 cm with no snow cover and 5-50 cm with snow cover on the ice. Snow ice was also shown to increase through most of the study area with the exception of the Alaskan coastal areas.

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Long-term trends in water temperature and ice cover in the subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, and nearby lakes and rivers

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

The importance of size and growth rate in determining mercury concentrations in European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn

The importance of size and growth rate in determining mercury concentrations in European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn

Long-term trends and variation in 137Cs activity concentrations in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Øvre Heimdalsvatn, a Norwegian subalpine lake

The fate of lake ice in the North American Arctic

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