Long unsigned number systolic serial multipliers and squarers

A New Suboptimal Selection Combining With Enhanced Performance for BPSK Over Rayleigh Fading Channels

“…It has been shown in [5] that the S + N -ESC scheme has the exact same performance as the α-SC scheme but lower implementation complexity than α-SC. However, to form the selection statistic of energy type, S + N -ESC still requires many squarer circuits that have similar implementation complexity as multiplier circuits [8]. The suboptimal SC scheme considered in [6] uses the signal envelope |r| as the selection statistic and is denoted by |r|-SC, where the branch with the maximal |r| is chosen.…”

“…For example, in [4], [6], and [7], cluster-based collaboration, energy-efficient routing protocols, and transmission schemes were discussed, respectively, where [4] considered dividing the network into a set of sensor clusters in a power-constrained collaborative WSN, [6] formulated the routing problem as a linear programming problem to maximize the network lifetime, and [7] simulated packet reservation multiple access to allow a variety of information sources to share the same wireless access channel. In [8] and [9], distributed decision systems with multiple sensors have been also studied, where [8] proposed the maximum ratio combining (MRC) statistic approach to approximate the likelihood-based fusion rule for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and [9] developed the channel-aware decision fusion rules for multihop transmission. In [10]- [13], hard-decision fusion based on 1 bit, 2 bits, or several bits has been examined.…”

“…Although great efforts have been made to reduce the implementation complexity of multipliers or squarers in circuit design fields [8]- [11], some other SC statistic without using multipliers may be preferred to achieve a higher SC speed and lower power consumption. It is wellknown that an adder generally has much lower complexity than a multiplier.…”