Longer exercise duration delays post-exercise recovery of cardiac parasympathetic but not sympathetic indices

Michael, Scott; Jay, Ollie; Graham, Kenneth; Davis, Glen M.

doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3673-2

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Moreover, as previously suggested [34], we reported that most of the cardiac autonomic recovery indices are influenced (i. e. decreased) by exercise duration, although without apparent interactions with hypoxia. Altogether, these results underlined that parasympathetic reactivation is impaired during moderate powermatched but not HR-matched hypoxic exercise.…”

Section: Cardiac Autonomic Modulation Responses During Exercise and Rsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…During each session participants completed 5 min of baseline measurements at rest, 5 min of sub-maximal constant load exercise (50 % PO@VT1) and an interval training session consisting of five 5-min intervals interspersed by 1-min of passive recovery (i. e. 5 × (5-min work: 1-min rec)). Recovery periods were introduced in the exercise protocol to permit the investigation of post-exercise cardiac autonomic modulation and physiological responses, as well as the impact of exercise duration on these responses [34].…”

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the method used to set exercise intensity plays a crucial role on the physiological responses and the homeostatic stress induced by hypoxic exercise, which can further influence cardiac autonomic recovery responses [14,22]. Indeed, a clear relationship has been shown between the impact of the exercise-induced homeostatic perturbation [28] (in terms of increased exercise intensity [29], duration [34], or the presence of more stressful environmental conditions [14,22]) and the delay observed in cardiac autonomic recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Autonomic and Physiological Responses to Moderate- intensity Exercise in Hypoxia

et al. 2019

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Exercise physiological responses can be markedly affected by acute hypoxia. We investigated cardiac autonomic and physiological responses to different hypoxic training protocols. Thirteen men performed three exercise sessions (5×5-min; 1-min passive recovery): normoxic exercise at 80% of the power output (PO) at the first ventilatory threshold (N), hypoxic exercise (FiO2=14.2%) with the same PO as N (HPO) and hypoxic exercise at the same heart rate (HR) as N (HHR). PO was lower in HHR (21.1±9.3%) compared to N and HPO. Mean HR was higher in HPO (154±11 bpm, p<0.01) than N and HHR (139±10 vs. 138±9 bpm; p=0.80). SpO2 was reduced (p<0.01) to a similar extent (p>0.05) in HPO and HHR compared to N. HR recovery (HRR) and HR variability indices were similar in N and HHR (p>0.05) but reduced in HPO (p<0.05), mirroring a delayed parasympathetic reactivation. Blood lactate and ventilation were similar in N and HHR (p>0.05) and increased in HPO (p<0.001). During recovery oxygen consumption and ventilation were similar in N and HHR (p>0.05) and increased in HPO (p<0.01). Moderate HR-matched hypoxic exercise triggers similar cardiac autonomic and physiological responses to normoxic exercise with a reduced mechanical load. On the contrary, the same absolute intensity exercise in hypoxia is associated with increased exercise-induced metabolic stress and delayed cardiac autonomic recovery.

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Section: Cardiac Autonomic Modulation Responses During Exercise and Rsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Autonomic and Physiological Responses to Moderate- intensity Exercise in Hypoxia

et al. 2019

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“…A clear relationship has been shown between exercise-induced perturbation of homeostasis and postexercise cardiac autonomic recovery (Goldberger et al, 2006;Michael et al, 2017a). Higher exercise intensities (Terziotti et al, 2001;Buchheit et al, 2007;Seiler et al, 2007) and durations (Castrillón et al, 2017;Michael et al, 2017b), as well as the presence of challenging environmental conditions (Al Haddad et al, 2012;Koelwyn et al, 2013;Sanchez-Gonzalez and Figueroa, 2013;Fornasiero et al, 2018), increase exercise-induced homeostatic perturbation and lead to a delayed recovery of HR and HRV indices (Michael et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Physiological Responses During Short and Long Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shortening Work-Rest Durations Reduces Physiological and Perceptual Load During Uphill Walking in Simulated Cold High-Altitude Conditions

Fornasiero

Savoldelli

Stella

et al. 2020

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Shortening work-rest durations reduces physiological and perceptual load during uphill walking in simulated cold high-altitude conditions. High Alt Med Biol. 21:249-257, 2020. Background: We investigated the effects of two different work-rest durations on the physiological and perceptual responses to a simulated mountain hike in a cold hypoxic environment. Materials and Methods: Twelve healthy nonacclimatized active men (age 31.3-5.3 years, body mass index 22.4-1.5 kg/m 2) completed a 80-minute work-matched intermittent exercise on a motorized treadmill (25% incline, fixed self-selected speed), in a simulated mountain environment (-25°C, FiO 2 = 11%, &5000 m a.s.l.), wearing extreme cold weather gear, once with short (20 • 3 minutes walking with 1 minute rest; SHORT) and once with long (10 • 6 minutes walking with 2 minutes rest; LONG) work-rest durations. Heart rate (HR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and thermal sensation (TS) were assessed throughout the exercise protocols. Cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed before (PRE) and after exercise (POST) in supine position, as well as during standing resting periods by means of HR recovery (HRR) assessment. Results: SpO 2 and TS were similar (p > 0.05) in SHORT and LONG protocols. HR and RPE were increased, and HRR reduced during LONG compared to SHORT (p < 0.05). Parasympathetic activity indices were reduced at POST after both protocols (p < 0.05), but to a lesser extent after SHORT (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Reduced work-rest durations are associated with improved perceptual responses and less perturbation of cardiac autonomic balance, compared to longer work-rest durations. Shorter exercise periods from more frequent breaks during hikes at high altitude may represent a valid strategy to limit the impact of exercise under extreme environmental conditions.

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“…Although previous studies report a negative association between aerobic exercise volume/intensity and cardiac PR [10][11][12][13][14][15] , little scientific evidence about the acute effects of different RE program protocols on PR has been published [16][17][18][19] . In this scenario, a significant contribution was provided by Figueiredo et al 19 , demonstrating a dose-dependent suppressive effect of RE volume on postexercise cardiac autonomic modulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the number of sets in a resistance exercise session affect the fast and slow phases of post-exercise cardiac autonomic recovery?

Cruz

Porto

Pires

et al. 2020

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of different resistance exercise (RE) volumes on postexercise cardiac autonomic modulation in men. Methods: Ten young men (25.5 ± 4.9 years, 24.8 ± 2.1 kg/m 2) performed 3 trials of RE with 1, 2 or 3 sets (48-72 h between each trial) of 10-12 repetitions (70% of the one-maximum repetition) of bench press, leg press, and barbell row. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed at the 1 st and 5 th minutes of recovery (fast phase) and 3 consecutive 5-minute intervals from the 5 th to 20 th minute of recovery (slow phase). Parasympathetic and global modulations were assessed using the SD1 and SD2 indices of HRV, respectively. The comparison of the interventions was performed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests (p<0.05). Results: Lower parasympathetic modulation was identified after 2 and 3 sets compared to 1 set in both the fast and slow recovery phases (p= 0.004-0.05). Lower global modulation was identified after 3 sets compared to 1 set in both fast and slow recovery phases (p= 0.005-0.01). No differences in post-exercise parasympathetic and global modulation were observed between 2 and 3 sets. Conclusion: We concluded that 2 and 3 sets of RE compared to 1 set promoted higher autonomic reduction on the post-exercise phase, which should be considered by coaches when prescribing an RE program for untrained participants or intend to manipulate the postexercise organic recovery.

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Longer exercise duration delays post-exercise recovery of cardiac parasympathetic but not sympathetic indices

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

Cardiac Autonomic and Physiological Responses to Moderate- intensity Exercise in Hypoxia

Cardiac Autonomic and Physiological Responses to Moderate- intensity Exercise in Hypoxia

Shortening Work-Rest Durations Reduces Physiological and Perceptual Load During Uphill Walking in Simulated Cold High-Altitude Conditions

Does the number of sets in a resistance exercise session affect the fast and slow phases of post-exercise cardiac autonomic recovery?

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