Longitudinal Assay of Lymphocyte Responsiveness in Patients with Major Burns

Munster, Andrew M.; Winchurch, Richard A.; Birmingham, W. J.; Keeling, P. W. N.

doi:10.1097/00000658-198012000-00013

Cited by 45 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Presumably, if age was the factor most influencing these responses, PHA and PWM would have shown similar relations. Con A has been previously reported as detecting defects not observed by PHA responses in both cancer patients (Golub et al 1974) and patients with major burns (Munster et al 1980). Con A and PHA are both T-cell activators, therefore similar results would be expected.…”

Section: Adccsupporting

confidence: 62%

Nutrition and cellular immunity in hospital patients

et al. 1986

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1. The interrelations between nutritional and ccllular immune function measurements were studied in seventy patients suffering from various degrees of malnutrition. They included patients with liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, neoplastic disease, neurological patients, post-operative surgical patients and patients with respiratory problems.2. Nutritional measurements included: anthropometry, serum proteins, various vitamins and trace elements, and a prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was calculated.3. Immunological measurements included: ( I ) natural killer (NK) cell activity, (2) antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), (3) lymphocyte proliferation in response to the mitogens concanavalin A (Con A), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in both AB and autologous serum.4. There was no association between anthropometric measurements and tests of immune function. 5. The lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogenic stimulation in the malnourished patients was depressed in autologous serum compared with the response of the same lymphocytes in pooled AB serum. The lymphocyte proliferation in response to Con A correlated with transferrin in autologous serum (r 0.46, n 49, P < 0.0 I ) and to a lesser extent in AB serum (r 0.33, n 51, P < 0.05). There was a difference in the Con A-stimulated tritiated-thymidine uptake between patients with low and normal serum zinc levels (P < 0.05) for cultures performed in autologous serum, but not AB serum.6. There was a significant correlation between NK cell activity and vitamin C (r 0.43, n 60, P < 0.01). There was no relation between nutritional measurements and ADCC or the lymphocyte response to stimulation with PHA or PWM.7. The results suggest that the severity of overall malnutrition does not influence several different aspects of the cellular immune response. However, the results do suggest that certain individual nutrients, particularly vitamin C and Zn, do influence the immunoreactivity of different lymphocyte subpopulations.

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Section: Adccsupporting

confidence: 62%

Nutrition and cellular immunity in hospital patients

et al. 1986

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“…In support of this, T lymphocytes from cystic fibrosis patients are hyporesponsive to crude Pseudomonas antigens (28,29), and it has been proposed that cystic fibrosis patients develop T-lymphocyte tolerance to Pseudomonas antigens (8,32). Mortality is increased in P. aeruginosa-infected patients that do not express delayed-type hypersensitivity or mixed lymphocyte reactivity (15). Alternatively, it is possible that the lymphocyte response is not protective.…”

Section: Fig 2 Effect Of Different Preparations Of Exoenzyme S On Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S induces proliferation of human T lymphocytes

et al. 1995

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium that is responsible for devastating acute and chronic infections, which include bronchiectasis in cystic fibrosis, nosocomial pneumonia, and infection of burn wounds. Previous studies have demonstrated that these patients have impaired host responses, including cell-mediated immune responses, which are important in anti-Pseudomonas host defense. The P. aeruginosa exoproduct, exoenzyme S, has a number of characteristics which suggest that it might be important in cell-mediated immunity. To determine whether exoenzyme S activates lymphocytes to proliferate, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from normal volunteers were stimulated with purified exoenzyme S, and the lymphocyte response was assessed by measuring [ 3 H]thymidine uptake and by counting the number of cells after various times in culture. Ninety-five percent of healthy adult donors had a lymphocyte response to exoenzyme S. The optimal lymphocyte response occurred on day 7, with 4 ؋ 10 5 PBMC per microtiter well when cells were stimulated with 10 g exoenzyme S per ml. [ 3 H]thymidine uptake correlated with an increase in the number of mononuclear cells, indicating that proliferation occurred. In unseparated PBMC, T cells, and to a lesser extent B cells, proliferated. Purified T cells proliferated, while purified B cells proliferated only after the addition of irradiated T cells. Thus, T lymphocytes are necessary and sufficient for the proliferative response to exoenzyme S. We speculate that exoenzyme S from P. aeruginosa is important in T-lymphocyte-mediated host defense to P. aeruginosa. In strategies to enhance impaired cell-mediated immunity, exoenzyme S should be considered as a potential stimulant.

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“…Although passively transferred antibody is protective against P. aeruginosa infection in certain model systems (11), high anti-P. aeruginosa antibody titers do not appear to protect burn patients and CF patients from localized skin or pulmonary infections (4,5). Furthermore, increased mortality attributed to P. aeruginosa in burn patients has been correlated with the loss of T-cell-mediated immune functions such as skin test responsiveness to streptokinase-streptodornase, to mumps, and to tuberculin, and responsiveness in mixed lymphocyte culture (9). More recent observations in a murine model suggest a direct role for T-cell-mediated immunity to P. aeruginosa (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results from individuals were obtained by averaging the results of triplicate wells and subtracting the appropriate background. The data shown on graphs and tables are the mean of groups of individual samples (i.e., 9 normal adults, 7 neonates, 34 normal adults, 6 normal adults). The bracketed numbers are the standard errors of the mean.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro response of human T cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 1983

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacillus that is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients, burn patients, and patients with cystic fibrosis. Although immunity to these bacteria has been associated with serum antibody, more recent evidence suggests that T-cellmediated immunity may also be important. To evaluate human T-cell responsiveness to these bacteria, the optimal conditions were determined for in vitro proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes to Fisher-Devlin immunotype 1 P. aeruginosa. The proliferative response of normal adult peripheral blood lymphocytes to heat-killed P. aeruginosa was studied in 34 subjects (range, 7,600 to 111,500 net cpm). Analysis of cell subpopulations indicated that T-lymphocytes are the major proliferating cells and that this response is enhanced by the presence of adherent cells. Data from fetal cord lymphocyte responses suggest that the proliferation seen in normal adult lymphocytes is induced by antigenic and not mitogenic stimulation.

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Longitudinal Assay of Lymphocyte Responsiveness in Patients with Major Burns

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Nutrition and cellular immunity in hospital patients

Nutrition and cellular immunity in hospital patients

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S induces proliferation of human T lymphocytes

In vitro response of human T cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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