Longitudinal Assessment of Colonization With<i>Staphylococcus aureu</i>s in Healthy Collegiate Athletes

Jiménez-Truque, Natalia; Saye, Elizabeth J.; Soper, Nicole; Saville, Benjamin R.; Thomsen, Isaac; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Creech, C. Buddy

doi:10.1093/jpids/piu108

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The frequency of S. aureus colonization was high in this cohort; however, S. aureus disease was infrequent, with only nine abscesses identified in 7 individuals; two abscesses grew MSSA and seven MRSA (previously published data). [20] These findings have implications for S. aureus colonization surveillance in student athletes, determination of periods of transmission risk, and employment of preventive strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All samples were obtained and processed as previously described. [19, 20] Coagulase positive isolates recovered from mannitol salt agar plates containing 6 μg/mL of oxacillin were considered potential MRSA isolates. Bacterial DNA from these isolates was extracted and purified (MoBio Laboratories, Inc., Carlsbad, CA), and the presence of the mecA gene (indicative of MRSA) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using previously described methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between Contact Sports and Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in a Prospective Cohort of Collegiate Athletes

et al. 2016

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Objective Athletes have higher risk of infection with Staphylococcus aureus than the general population. Most studies in athletes have included primarily male contact sports participants and have not assessed S. aureus carriage over time. We aimed to examine the epidemiology and risk factors of S. aureus carriage in a cohort of male and female collegiate athletes. Study Design We conducted a prospective cohort study of 377 varsity collegiate athletes from August 2008 to April 2010. A baseline questionnaire ascertained risk factors for colonization. Nasal and oropharyngeal swabs were obtained at enrollment and monthly thereafter to detect S. aureus colonization. The primary outcome was S. aureus colonization, both with methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus, as defined by bacterial culture and molecular confirmation. Secondary outcomes were time to colonization with S. aureus and carriage profile, defined as non-carrier, intermittent carrier or persistent carrier. Results Overall, 224 contact sports and 153 non-contact sports athletes were enrolled. Contact sports athletes had higher risk of carrying S. aureus over time: they had higher odds of being colonized with MRSA (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.13-4.93) and they tended to carry S. aureus for longer periods of time (intermittent carriage OR, 3.60; 95% CI, 2.02-6.40; persistent carriage OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.21-4.72). Athletes engaged in contacts sports also acquired S. aureus more quickly (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.02-2.55). Conclusions S. aureus carriage was common in contact sports athletes, particularly football. These findings suggest that efforts to prevent transmission of S. aureus among athletes should be focused on contact sports teams.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Contact Sports and Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in a Prospective Cohort of Collegiate Athletes

et al. 2016

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“…Nasopharyngeal carriage is a major contributor to infection, so the relationship between carriage rates, disease incidence, or antibiotic resistance is monitored by swabbing and culturing using conditions that enrich for specific pathogens. For example, St. aureus is often detected in greater than 30% of individuals, but rates of carriage of methicillin‐resistant St. aureus (MRSA) vary widely from 3 to 30% . The distinction between MRSA and methicillin‐sensitive St. aureus (MSSA) is important, as those colonized by MRSA are at an increased risk for invasive disease.…”

Section: Biogeography Of the Urt Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and immunological significance of the upper respiratory tract microbiota

2016

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The intestinal microbiota is essential for nutrient acquisition, immune development, and exclusion of invading pathogens. The upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiota is less well studied and does not appear to abide by many of the paradigms of the gastrointestinal tract. Decades of carriage studies in children have demonstrated that microbe-microbe competition and collusion occurs in the URT. Whether colonization with common pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) alters immune development or susceptibility to respiratory conditions is just beginning to be understood. Herein, we discuss the biogeography of the URT microbiota, the succession and evolution of the microbiota through the life course, and discuss the evidence for microbe-microbe interactions in colonization and infection.

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“…In athletes who participate in contact and collision sports, the risk of transmission of SA has been shown to be particularly high [39][40][41]. It has been hypothesized that "skin-toskin contact" might be the main cause of SA transmission in athletes, with the physical contact inducing SA dissemination in these athletes [1].…”

Section: Skin Surface Of S Aureus In Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Nasal Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Transmission Among Contact Athletes

Suzuki¹

2017

Frontiers in Staphylococcus Aureus

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This chapter focuses on Staphylococcus aureus (SA) infections in athletes. Previous SA infection studies performed starting in the 1980s examined close physical contact athletes, with a focus primarily on injured skin. However, more recent studies of skin SA transmission in athletes were conducted using molecular epidemiology. When participants in sports having a greater duration of competition were examined, results indicated that there was prolonged contact between athletes on the same team and athletes from other teams. These indings demonstrate that efective measures for preventing SA infections are urgently needed. Factors that can afect skin SA infections include high rates of SA nasal colonization, the type of "position on a team," repeated skin-to-skin contact, and perspiration that occurs during exercise in SA nasal carriers. Thus, it should be possible to utilize molecular typing methods to assess skin-to-skin contact in athletes. This study summarizes the current understanding of SA infections in athletes. In order to develop preventive strategies, it will be necessary to further elucidate the predisposing factors and mechanisms behind SA infections and the subsequent transmission in athletes.

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Longitudinal Assessment of Colonization WithStaphylococcus aureus in Healthy Collegiate Athletes

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Association Between Contact Sports and Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in a Prospective Cohort of Collegiate Athletes

Association Between Contact Sports and Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in a Prospective Cohort of Collegiate Athletes

Composition and immunological significance of the upper respiratory tract microbiota

Role of Nasal Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Transmission Among Contact Athletes

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