Longitudinal disease studies in small-holder black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) ponds in Andhra Pradesh, India. II. Multiple WSSV genotypes associated with disease outbreaks in ponds seeded with uninfected postlarvae

Walker, Peter; Gudkovs, Nicholas; Mohan, C. V.; Raj, V. Stalin; Pradeep, Balakrishnan; Sergeant, E.; Mohan, Anjana; Ravibabu, G.; Karunasagar, Indrani; Santiago, T.C.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.06.021

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Nevertheless, if we consider the diversity for the entire study area and over the 3 years analyzed, the conclusion is that this molecular marker has high variability (0.902), which again means either a high rate of mutation of the viral genome in this region, or the constant introduction or mobility of new WSSV varieties ( Guasave Sur 7-2 and 10-10 Angostura 11-9 and 13-3 Elota 7-7 and 9-10 Elota 7-7 and 10-5 As in other works that have reported double infections with isolates of WSSV and different sizes of the ORF 94 region (Wongteerasupaya et al 2003, Pradeep et al 2008, we found 2 cases, indicating a frequency of only 1.9% during the study period (Table 8). Some research groups have sought to associate this finding with virulence, but results are contradictory (Hoa et al 2011, Walker et al 2011, so its biological role is still unknown. A haplotype lacking the ORF 94 region has been described for Saudi Arabia (Tang et al 2012).…”

Section: Orf 94mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping WSSV isolates from northwestern Mexican shrimp farms affected by white spot disease outbreaks in 2010-2012

Durán‐Avelar¹,

Pérez‐Enríquez²,

Zambrano‐Zaragoza³

et al. 2015

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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White spot disease (WSD) causes high mortality in cultured shrimp throughout the world. Its etiologic agent is the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The genomic repeat regions ORF 75, ORF 94, and ORF 125 have been used to classify WSSV isolates in epidemiological studies using PCR with specific primers and sequencing. The present study investigated the variation in nucleotide sequences from 107, 150, and 143 isolates of WSSV collected from Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp ponds with WSD outbreaks in northwestern Mexico during the period 2010−2012, in the genomic repeat regions ORFs 75, 94, and 125, respectively. The haplotypic nomenclature for each isolate was based on the number of repeat units and the position of single nucleotide polymorphisms on each ORF. We report finding 17, 43, and 66 haplotypes of ORFs 75, 94, and 125, respectively. The study found high haplotypic diversity in WSSV using the complete sequences of ORFs 94 and 125 as independent variables, but low haplotypic diversity for ORF 75. Different haplotypes of WSSV were found from region-to-region and year-to-year, though some individual haplotypes were found in different places and in more than one growing cycle. While these results suggest a high rate of mutation of the viral genome at these loci, or perhaps the introduction of new viral strains into the area, they are useful as a tool for epidemiological surveys. Two haplotypes from some of the ORFs in the same shrimp were encountered, suggesting the possibility of multiple infections.

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Section: Orf 94mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping WSSV isolates from northwestern Mexican shrimp farms affected by white spot disease outbreaks in 2010-2012

Durán‐Avelar¹,

Pérez‐Enríquez²,

Zambrano‐Zaragoza³

et al. 2015

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…This virus presumably circulated in China or Taiwan before spreading to shrimp farms in Vietnam, from there to Thailand (Dieu et al 2004) and from there to India (Pradeep et al 2008a) and other Asian countries (Zwart et al 2010). However, as a WSSV strain originating from Thailand in 1996 (WSSV-TH-96-II) possesses the longest genome of all strains characterized to date (Marks et al 2005), it is possible that WSSV might have been introduced initially into China and/or Taiwan through imports of live shrimp from Thailand.VNTRs have been used to study WSSV epidemiology in different crustacean hosts at small (farm or pond) spatiotemporal scales (Wongteerasupaya et al 2003, Hoa et al 2005, Pradeep et al 2008b) to detect mixed WSSV infections in shrimp (Hoa et al 2011a) and to examine WSSV transmission within and be tween aquaculture ponds (Pradeep et al 2008b, Walker et al 2011. Data on VNTRs in conjunction with epidemiological models have also been used to quantify different transmission routes of WSSV within and between farm ponds (Hoa et al 2011b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VNTRs have been used to study WSSV epidemiology in different crustacean hosts at small (farm or pond) spatiotemporal scales (Wongteerasupaya et al 2003, Hoa et al 2005, Pradeep et al 2008b) to detect mixed WSSV infections in shrimp (Hoa et al 2011a) and to examine WSSV transmission within and be tween aquaculture ponds (Pradeep et al 2008b, Walker et al 2011. Data on VNTRs in conjunction with epidemiological models have also been used to quantify different transmission routes of WSSV within and between farm ponds (Hoa et al 2011b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indel-II region deletion sizes in the white spot syndrome virus genome correlate with shrimp disease outbreaks in southern Vietnam

Tuyet¹,

Zwart²,

Phượng³

et al. 2012

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Sequence comparisons of the genomes of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) strains have identified regions containing variable-length insertions/deletions (i.e. indels). Indel-I and Indel-II, positioned between open reading frames (ORFs) 14/15 and 23/24, respectively, are the largest and the most variable. Here we examined the nature of these 2 indel regions in 313 WSSVinfected Penaeus monodon shrimp collected between 2006 and 2009 from 76 aquaculture ponds in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. In the Indel-I region, 2 WSSV genotypes with deletions of either 5950 or 6031 bp in length compared with that of a reference strain from Thailand (WSSV-TH-96-II) were detected. In the Indel-II region, 4 WSSV genotypes with deletions of 8539, 10 970, 11 049 or 11 866 bp in length compared with that of a reference strain from Taiwan (WSSV-TW) were detected, and the 8539 and 10 970 bp genotypes predominated. Indel-II variants with longer deletions were found to correlate statistically with WSSV-diseased shrimp originating from more intensive farming systems. Like Indel-I lengths, Indel-II lengths also varied based on the Mekong Delta province from which farmed shrimp were collected.KEY WORDS: White spot syndrome virus · Disease status · Farming system · Epidemiology · ORF 14/15 · ORF 23/24Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Dis Aquat Org 99: [153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162] 2012 highly (> 99.5%) conserved (Nadala & Loh 1998, Marks et al. 2004.The 2 major genomic indels are located between open reading frames (ORFs) 14/15 (Indel-I) and 23/24 (Indel-II) of the sequenced Thai strain WSSV-TH-96-I (van Hulten et al. 2001, Marks et al. 2004. Compared with another sequenced Thai strain (WSSV-TH-96-II), WSSV-TH-96-I has a 5.3 kb deletion in Indel-I (Marks et al. 2005) and differs from a strain from Taiwan (WSSV-TW) by possessing a 13.2 kb deletion in Indel-II (Marks et al. 2004). Sequence analyses of these 2 indel regions in other Asian WSSV strains have identified intermediatelength deletions (Dieu et al. 2004, Zwart et al. 2010. For example, WSSV strains from China contain shorter Indel-II deletions (1168 to 5928 bp) compared with WSSV-TW, while strains from Vietnam contain a medium-length Indel-II deletion (~8539 bp) not yet found in strains examined from other geographic regions (Dieu et al. 2004; see also Yang et al. 2001, Lan et al. 2002, Tan & Shi 2011.Indel-I and Indel-II regions are now being used as molecular markers to study WSSV epidemiology (Dieu et al. 2004, Zwart et al. 2010, and Indel-II is proving to be particularly useful for examining the spatiotemporal spread of WSSV at regional (Dieu et al. 2010) and intercontinental levels (Zwart et al. 2010). Data on Indel-II support a hypothesis that all WSSV strains affecting farmed shrimp have a recent common ancestor. This virus presumably circulated in China or Taiwan before spreading to shrimp farms in Vietnam, from there to Thailand (Dieu et al. 2004) and from there to India (Pradeep et al. 2008a)...

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“…This RF was present for large to medium scale grow-out farms, as the RF "cultivating areas equal to or above 10 hectares", absent for micro and small producers, with lower cultivating areas. ( Bray et al, 2004;Clifford and Cook, 2002;Corsin et al, 2005;Hoa, et al, 2005;Lightner, 2003;Lightner, 2005;Lotz, 1997;Walker et al, 2011). However, information on the use of SPF PL was not available from the census that supplied the data for analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathogen exclusion is frequently accomplished by stocking farms with controlled water sources and disease-free shrimp (Lightner, 2005). The importance of stocking farms with PL free from disease, either certified through rigorous testing or supplied as specific pathogen free PL (SPF) is central to biosecurity in shrimp aquaculture ( Bray et al, 2004;Clifford and Cook, 2002;Corsin et al, 2005;Hoa, et al, 2005;Lightner, 2003;Lightner, 2005;Lotz, 1997;Walker et al, 2011). However, information on the use of SPF PL was not available from the census that supplied the data for analysis.…”

Section: Rfs For Introduction Of Infection At the Farm-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Desenvolvimento e avaliação prospectiva de um sistema de vigilância baseada em risco para as fazendas de engorda de carcinicultura no nordeste do Brasil</b>

Marques¹

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"É preciso ver o que não foi visto, ver outra vez o que se viu já, ver na Primavera o que se vira no Verão, ver de dia o que se viu de noite, com Sol onde primeiramente a chuva caía, ver a seara verde, o fruto maduro, a pedra que mudou de lugar, a sombra que aqui não estava." José SaramagoO cultivo de camarão branco Litopennaeus vannamei tem provado ser um sector promissor para a economia do nordeste do Brasil. Contudo, a criação de camarão branco no Brasil tem sido afetada negativamente pela ocorrência de doenças virais, ameaçando a sua expansão e sustentabilidade. Por esta razão, depreende-se a importância da elaboração de um sistema de vigilância capaz de detectar e definir a ausência de doenças virais de elevado impacto econômico. O modelo estocástico AquaVigil é aqui implementado para avaliar prospectivamente diferentes estratégias de vigilância para determinar a ausência de doença e identificar a estratégia exigindo menor esforço de amostragem e simultaneamente, fazer o melhor uso dos recursos disponíveis através da implementação de vigilância baseada em risco. O estudo apresentado exemplifica a aplicação regional do sistema proposto para o estado do Ceará, podendo ser aplicado a outros estados do Brasil. O modelo AquaVigil pode analisar qualquer sistema de vigilância baseada em risco semelhante àquele aqui considerado.A criação de camarão no nordeste do Brasil tem sido alvo de vários desafios, desde a ocorrência de doenças virais a mudanças no acesso aos mercados internacionais. Tendo em consideração as dificuldades encontradas pela aquicultura de camarão no nordeste do Brasil, facilmente se compreende a importância de caracterizar e melhor compreender este setor e assim assegurar o seu desenvolvimento sustentável. Para este fim, foram aplicados métodos de análise de correspondência multipla e clustering particional a dados recolhidos durante um levantamento nacional de fazendas de carcinicultura de forma a obter informação necessária para caracterizar tendências e identificar falhas e necessidades existentes. Esta informação será útil no momento de melhorar o manejo das fazendas e elaborar legislação a favor do desenvolvimento do setor.Palavras-chave: Sistema vigilância para camarão aquicultura. Carcinicultura Brasil. Vigilância baseada em risco. AquaVigil. Perfil de fazendas de carcinicultura nordeste Brasil. clustering hierárquico e particional. The farming of Pacific white shrimp Litopennaeus vannamei in northeast Brazil, has proven to be a promising sector. However, the farming of Pacific white shrimp in Brazil has been affected negatively by the occurrence of viral diseases, threatening this sector's expansion and sustainability. For this reason, the drafting of a surveillance system for early detection and definition of freedom from viral diseases, whose occurrence could result in high economic loses, is of the utmost importance. The stochastic model AquaVigil was implemented to prospectively evaluate different surveillance strategies to determine freedom from disease and identify the strategy with...

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Longitudinal disease studies in small-holder black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) ponds in Andhra Pradesh, India. II. Multiple WSSV genotypes associated with disease outbreaks in ponds seeded with uninfected postlarvae

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Genotyping WSSV isolates from northwestern Mexican shrimp farms affected by white spot disease outbreaks in 2010-2012

Genotyping WSSV isolates from northwestern Mexican shrimp farms affected by white spot disease outbreaks in 2010-2012

Indel-II region deletion sizes in the white spot syndrome virus genome correlate with shrimp disease outbreaks in southern Vietnam

<b>Desenvolvimento e avaliação prospectiva de um sistema de vigilância baseada em risco para as fazendas de engorda de carcinicultura no nordeste do Brasil</b>

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