Longitudinal Study of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and AmpC-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Household Dogs

Baede, Valérie O.; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Broens, Els M.; Duim, Birgitta; Dohmen, Wietske; Nijsse, Rolf; Timmerman, Arjen J.; Hordijk, Joost

doi:10.1128/aac.04576-14

Cited by 57 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…1 Historically, ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC infections have been associated with healthcare settings, 2 but their acquisition in the community has been increasingly reported in several countries since 2000-10. 3 Although a high prevalence of ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC has been reported in livestock (particularly poultry), 4 chicken meat, 2 and companion animals, 5 their role as sources of human infection with ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC remains controversial. 2,6,7 Human exposure to ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC might occur via animals, food, the environment, and human-to-human transmission; however, their relative contributions are yet to be quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attributable sources of community-acquired carriage of Escherichia coli containing β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes: a population-based modelling study

Mughini‐Gras

Dorado-García

Duijkeren

et al. 2019

The Lancet Planetary Health

229

189

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Background Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), plasmid-mediated AmpCproducing E coli (pAmpC-EC), and other bacteria are resistant to important β-lactam antibiotics. ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC are increasingly reported in animals, food, the environment, and community-acquired and health-careassociated human infections. These infections are usually preceded by asymptomatic carriage, for which attributions to animal, food, environmental, and human sources remain unquantified. Methods In this population-based modelling study, we collected ESBL and pAmpC gene data on the Netherlands population for 2005-17 from published datasets of gene occurrences in E coli isolates from different sources, and from partners of the ESBL Attribution Consortium and the Dutch National Antimicrobial Surveillance System. Using these data, we applied an established source attribution model based on ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC prevalence and gene data for humans, including high-risk populations (ie, returning travellers, clinical patients, farmers), farm and companion animals, food, surface freshwater, and wild birds, and human exposure data, to quantify the overall and gene-specific attributable sources of community-acquired ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC intestinal carriage. We also used a simple transmission model to determine the basic reproduction number (R 0) in the open community. Findings We identified 1220 occurrences of ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC genes in humans, of which 478 were in clinical patients, 454 were from asymptomatic carriers in the open community, 103 were in poultry and pig farmers, and 185 were in people who had travelled out of the region. We also identified 6275 occurrences in non-human sources, including 479 in companion animals, 4026 in farm animals, 66 in wild birds, 1430 from food products, and 274 from surface freshwater. Most community-acquired ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC carriage was attributed to human-to-human transmission within or between households in the open community (60•1%, 95% credible interval 40•0-73•5), and to secondary transmission from high-risk groups (6•9%, 4•1-9•2). Food accounted for 18•9% (7•0-38•3) of carriage, companion animals for 7•9% (1•4-19•9), farm animals (non-occupational contact) for 3•6% (0•6-9•9), and swimming in freshwater and wild birds (ie, environmental contact) for 2•6% (0•2-8•7). We derived an R 0 of 0•63 (95% CI 0•42-0•77) for intracommunity transmission. Interpretation Although humans are the main source of community-acquired ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC carriage, the attributable non-human sources underpin the need for longitudinal studies and continuous monitoring, because intracommunity ESBL-EC and pAmpC-EC spread alone is unlikely to be self-maintaining without transmission to and from non-human sources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attributable sources of community-acquired carriage of Escherichia coli containing β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes: a population-based modelling study

Mughini‐Gras

Dorado-García

Duijkeren

et al. 2019

The Lancet Planetary Health

229

189

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“…There was a strong association between raw feeding and the likelihood of faecal shedding of E. coli exhibiting AmpC‐type resistance among therapy dogs in Canada over the course of 18 months (Lefebvre et al ). Two Dutch longitudinal studies reported associations between raw feeding and faecal E. coli from dogs showing ESBL resistance (Baede et al ) or faecal Enterobacteriaceae from cats showing ESBL/AmpC resistance (Baede et al ). This last study also found that, where phenotypically resistant Enterobacteriaceae were isolated, the mean count (colony‐forming units per gram faeces) for such isolates among raw‐fed cats was over two orders of magnitude higher than among controls.…”

Section: Risks Of Raw Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raw diets for dogs and cats: a review, with particular reference to microbiological hazards

Davies

Lawes

Wales

2019

J of Small Animal Practice

133

121

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There is a recent trend to feed pet dogs and cats in Britain and other developed countries on raw meat and animal by‐products using either commercial preparations or home recipes. This shift from heat‐treated processed food has been driven by perceived health benefits to pets and a suspicion of industrially produced pet food. The diets of wild‐living related species have been used as a rationale for raw feeding, but differences in biology and lifestyle impose limitations on such comparisons. Formal evidence does exist for claims by raw‐feeding proponents of an altered intestinal microbiome and (subjectively) improved stool quality. However, there is currently neither robust evidence nor identified plausible mechanisms for many of the wide range of other claimed benefits. There are documented risks associated with raw feeding, principally malnutrition (inexpert formulation and testing of diets) and infection affecting pets and/or household members. Surveys in Europe and North America have consistently found Salmonella species in a proportion of samples, typically of fresh‐frozen commercial diets. Another emerging issue concerns the risk of introducing antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria. Raw pet food commonly exceeds hygiene thresholds for counts of Enterobacteriaceae. These bacteria often encode resistance to critically important antibiotics such as extended‐spectrum cephalosporins, and raw‐fed pets create an elevated risk of shedding such resistant bacteria. Other infectious organisms that may be of concern include Listeria, shiga toxigenic E scherichia coli , parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and exotic agents such as the zoonotic livestock pathogen Brucella suis, recently identified in European Union and UK raw pet meat imported from Argentina.

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“…In a study from Pennsylvania, failure to detect beta-lactamase genes in 20 out of 60 beta-lactam resistant E. coli isolated from companion animals was reported (O'Keefe et al, 2010). Several explanations had been put forward by many workers for the possible expression of resistant phenotype in the absence of betalactamase genes (Drieux et al, 2008 andBaede et al, 2015).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Isolation And Detection Of Beta-lactamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One explanation could be the contribution of other resistance mechanisms, such as enhanced expression of efflux pumps (Sun et al, 2010 andBaede et al, 2015).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Isolation And Detection Of Beta-lactamentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in healthy and diarrhoeic dogs in Andhra Pradesh, India

Sharif

Sreedevi

Chaitanya

et al. 2018

IJAR

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The present study was carried out to characterize beta-lactam resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy and diarrhoeic dogs. A total of 93 E. coli were isolated from the rectal swabs of 136 dogs (60/92 of healthy dogs and 33/44 of diarrhoeic dogs). Predominant serotypes detected include rough (19 isolates), O141 (5), O9 (2), O126 (2), O128 (2), O15, O20, O35, O49, O63, O85, O101, O116, O117, O118, O119 (1 isolate each) and the rest of 52 isolates were untypable (UT). Disc diffusion method revealed resistance to cefotaxime (41.9%), ceftriaxone (34.4%), ceftazidime (30.1%) and aztreonam (18.2%). Overall frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype was found to be 29% (27/ 93). Beta-lactamase genes detected include bla AmpC (86.0%), bla SHV (30.1%), bla CTX-M group-1 (19.3%), bla TEM (17.2%), bla OXA (13.9%) and bla CTX-M group-2 (7.5%). The study revealed resistance to commonly prescribed beta-lactams, with ESBL phenotype in E. coli of canine origin in Andhra Pradesh, India.

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Longitudinal Study of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and AmpC-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Household Dogs

Cited by 57 publications

References 26 publications

Attributable sources of community-acquired carriage of Escherichia coli containing β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes: a population-based modelling study

Attributable sources of community-acquired carriage of Escherichia coli containing β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes: a population-based modelling study

Raw diets for dogs and cats: a review, with particular reference to microbiological hazards

Occurrence of beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in healthy and diarrhoeic dogs in Andhra Pradesh, India

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