Look‐Back of Anti‐HCV ELISA‐Positive, HCV‐RNA PCR‐Negative Donors and Recipients of Their Blood Products

Vrielink, H.; Reesink, H. W.; Zaaijer, Hans L.; Scholten, Ernst Th.; Kremer, Leontien C. M.; Cuypers, H. T. M.; Lelie, P. N.; Oers, Marinus H. J. van; Poel, C.L. van der

doi:10.1046/j.1423-0410.1997.7220067.x

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, 18% (4/22) of the antibody-positive samples were HCV RNA negative. Ab ϩ PCR Ϫ serum samples have been observed by other investigators (17,58,65). Chimpanzees with an Ab ϩ PCR Ϫ status may have low levels of RNA that are undetectable by RT-PCR or a sustained anti-HCV antibody response in the absence of HCV RNA.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Viral Persistence and Immune Response To Hcv Pmentioning

confidence: 80%

Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus-Inoculated Chimpanzees Reveals Unexpected Clinical Profiles

Bassett

Brasky

Lanford

1998

J Virol

138

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The clinical course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in a chimpanzee cohort was examined to better characterize the outcome of this valuable animal model. Results of a cross-sectional study revealed that a low percentage (39%) of HCV-inoculated chimpanzees were viremic based on reverse transcription (RT-PCR) analysis. A correlation was observed between viremia and the presence of anti-HCV antibodies. The pattern of antibodies was dissimilar among viremic chimpanzees and chimpanzees that cleared the virus. Viremic chimpanzees had a higher prevalence of antibody reactivity to NS3, NS4, and NS5. Since an unexpectedly low percentage of chimpanzees were persistently infected with HCV, a longitudinal analysis of the virological profile of a small panel of HCV-infected chimpanzees was performed to determine the kinetics of viral clearance and loss of antibody. This study also revealed that a low percentage (33%) of HCV-inoculated chimpanzees were persistently viremic. Analysis of serial bleeds from six HCV-infected animals revealed four different clinical profiles. Viral clearance with either gradual or rapid loss of anti-HCV antibody was observed in four animals within 5 months postinoculation. A chronic-carrier profile characterized by persistent HCV RNA and anti-HCV antibody was observed in two animals. One of these chimpanzees was RT-PCR positive, antibody negative for 5 years and thus represented a silent carrier. If extrapolated to the human population, these data would imply that a significant percentage of unrecognized HCV infections may occur and that silent carriers may represent potentially infectious blood donors.

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Section: Evaluation Of Viral Persistence and Immune Response To Hcv Pmentioning

confidence: 80%

Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus-Inoculated Chimpanzees Reveals Unexpected Clinical Profiles

Bassett

Brasky

Lanford

1998

J Virol

138

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“…Such donors were not infected and the author had suggested that these donors could re-enter the donor pool, provided that future donations were anti-HCV ELISA negative. [15] In another study by Moore et al ., those donors whose samples were reactive both in the routine screening test and in the alternate assay were not withdrawn permanently from donation, but removed from the donor panel for an arbitrary period of 3 years. [16]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

True positivity of anti-Hepatitis C Virus Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reactive blood donors: A prospective study done in western India

Tulsiani¹,

Choudhury²,

Desai³

et al. 2012

Asian J Transfus Sci

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Background:A significant number of safe donations are removed from the blood supply, because of the reactive anti-HCV screening test results. This study aimed to assess if the HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) seropositive donors were confirmed positive or not.Materials and Methods:More than 68,000 blood donors’ samples were routinely screened and 140 samples were found to be anti-HCV ELISA reactive. These 140 samples were tested by NAT. The NAT negative samples were tested by RIBA. Analysis of samples reactive in single ELISA kit vs. two ELISA kits was done.Results:Out of 140 anti-HCV ELISA reactive samples, a total of 16 (11.43%) were positive by NAT. The results of 124 RIBA showed 6 (4.84%) positive, 92 (74.19%) negative, and 26 (20.97%) indeterminate results. None of the sample which was reactive in only single ELISA kit was positive by NAT or RIBA.Conclusion:Only a minority of blood donors with repeatedly reactive anti-HCV screening test is positive by confirmatory testing, but all these blood units are discarded as per existing legal provisions in India. Efforts should be made to retain these donors and also donor units.

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“…In France, donations that are repeatedly positive for anti‐HCV in a screening test must be destroyed, irrespective of the result of a confirmatory assay, which is justified for donor notification and counseling 8 . The assay that can determine the presence or the absence of HCV infection is RT‐PCR 9 . However, in a low‐risk population such as blood donors, RIBA‐3 is generally used as a confirmatory assay because of its high sensitivity 1,2 (negative RIBA‐3 results can be considered as false‐positive ELISA reactivity) and its high positive predictive value (HCV RNA is detected in approx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV RNA in blood donors with isolated reactivities by third‐generation RIBA

Lemaire

Defer

et al. 2000

Transfusion

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Look‐Back of Anti‐HCV ELISA‐Positive, HCV‐RNA PCR‐Negative Donors and Recipients of Their Blood Products

Abstract: Donors and patients with such reactivities in anti-HCV ELISA, RIBA-2, and cDNA-PCR can be assured that they are not infected with HCV. The donors involved can re-enter the donor pool, provided that future donations are anti-HCV ELISA-negative.

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus-Inoculated Chimpanzees Reveals Unexpected Clinical Profiles

Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus-Inoculated Chimpanzees Reveals Unexpected Clinical Profiles

True positivity of anti-Hepatitis C Virus Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reactive blood donors: A prospective study done in western India

HCV RNA in blood donors with isolated reactivities by third‐generation RIBA

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