Looking back and looking forward: Exploring livelihood change and resilience building in a Brazilian coastal community

Prado, Deborah Santos; Seixas, Cristiana Simão; Berkes, Fikret

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2015.05.018

Cited by 45 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Although the adaptive cycle may not be applicable to all complex systems (Cumming and Collier 2005), it has been particularly useful in analyzing changes in characteristics and behaviors of capture fisheries systems (Seixas and Berkes 2003, Goulden et al 2013, Jacques 2015, Prado et al 2015, with relatively limited application in culture fisheries systems (Garschagen 2010, Beymer-Farris et al 2012. The evolution of the shrimp aquaculture system studied here closely adheres to the attributes of the different phases of the adaptive cycle model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience, political ecology, and well-being: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding social-ecological change in coastal Bangladesh

Hoque¹,

Quinn²,

Sallu³

2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. The commodification of peasant livelihoods through export-oriented aquaculture has brought about significant socialecological changes in low-lying coastal areas in many parts of Asia. A better understanding of the underlying drivers and distributional effects of these changes requires integration of social and ecological approaches that often have different epistemological origins. Resilience thinking has gained increased traction in social-ecological systems research because it provides a dynamic analysis of the cross-scalar interactions between multiple conditions and processes. However, the system-oriented perspective inherent in resilience thinking fails to acknowledge the heterogeneous values, interests, and power of social actors and their roles in navigating social-ecological change. Incorporation of political ecology and well-being perspectives can provide an actor-oriented analysis of the trade-offs associated with change and help to determine which state is desirable for whom. However, empirical demonstrations of such interdisciplinary approaches remain scarce. Here, we explore the combined application of resilience, political ecology, and well-being in investigating the root causes of social-ecological change and identifying the winners and losers of system transformation through empirical analysis of the differential changes in farming systems in two villages in coastal Bangladesh. Using the adaptive cycle as a structuring model, we examine the evolution of the shrimp aquaculture system over the past few decades, particularly looking at the power dynamics between households of different wealth classes. We found that although asymmetric land ownership and political ties enabled the wealthier households to reach their desired farming system in one village, social resilience achieved through memory, leadership, and crisis empowered poorer households to exercise their agency in another village. Material dimensions such as improved living standards, food security, and cash incomes were evidently important; however, freedom to pursue desired livelihood activities, better environmental quality, mental peace, and cultural identities had significant implications for relational and subjective well-being.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience, political ecology, and well-being: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding social-ecological change in coastal Bangladesh

Hoque¹,

Quinn²,

Sallu³

2017

E&S

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“…As a consequence, the coast of Ubatuba was included as part of a marine protected area, created in the state of Sao Paulo in 2008. Despite some descriptions in the literature of these impacts on small-scale fisher livelihoods over the last 50 years, studies on fishing communities' struggles and resilience strategies remain rare (see Prado et al 2015).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between individual, household, and fishing community resilience in southeast Brazil

Leite¹,

Ross²,

Berkes³

2019

E&S

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Resilience is recognized as a multilevel phenomenon, yet few studies have examined how the levels interact. This is partly because individual-level resilience and social-ecological systems resilience have developed in different fields. Here we explore the shocks and stresses experienced by a fishing community and its members, their responses, and how resilience features were expressed at individual, household, and community levels in southeast Brazil. First, both connections and disjunctions were found between resilience features at the three levels. Second, the greater resilience of certain individuals and households within the community contributed to increased social differentiation and reduced overall community resilience. Third, understanding resilience at multiple levels highlighted the consideration of persistence, adaptation, and transformation processes as potentially complementary, rather than conflicting. These conclusions underline the importance of understanding the particularities of each level, and how they relate to one another. A multilevel approach provides insight into aspects of resilience that would not be apparent if only one level were explored.

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“…Before tourism, their livelihood was largely based on harvesting forest fruit, vegetation and animals, itinerant agriculture and fishing (Diegues & Arruda 2001). Overtime, some Caiçaras worked in the commercial fishing industry (Prado et al 2015).…”

Section: Caiçarasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those that remained often engaged in tourism activities as a new means of survival. Consequently, due to emigration, economic prohibitions and tourism, cultural loss has been dramatic (Prado et al, 2015, Sinay, 2008.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional People, Protected Areas and Tourism: A 15-Year Brazilian Case Study of Cultural Change

Sinay

Carter

et al. 2019

Ambient. soc.

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For decades, conservation initiatives considered the protection of nature and human progress to be mutually exclusive. As a result of this paradigm, communities living within protected areas often were displaced or treated as invaders and criminals in their ancestral territories. Consequently, much cultural heritage, including traditional knowledge, has been lost. In part to prevent cultural loss, in the year 2000, Brazil legally acknowledged within Federal Act 9,985 the rights, knowledge and way of living of traditional people as integral for the conservation of nature. Based on the case of the traditional Caiçara community living at Martin de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), this study showcases fifteen years of cultural change influenced, among others, by the implementation of protected area policy and growth in tourism. Participatory observation between 2000 and 2015 identified changes to the community’s way of thinking, lifestyle and livelihoods. Strategies are proposed to increase cultural protection.

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Looking back and looking forward: Exploring livelihood change and resilience building in a Brazilian coastal community

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Resilience, political ecology, and well-being: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding social-ecological change in coastal Bangladesh

Resilience, political ecology, and well-being: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding social-ecological change in coastal Bangladesh

Interactions between individual, household, and fishing community resilience in southeast Brazil

Traditional People, Protected Areas and Tourism: A 15-Year Brazilian Case Study of Cultural Change

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