Looking Inside a Prototype Compact X-Ray Tube Comprising CNT-Based Cold Cathode and Transmission-Type Anode

Avachat, Ashish; Tucker, Wesley W.; Giraldo, Carlos Henry Castano; Pommerenke, David; Lee, Hyoung-Koo

doi:10.1667/rr15499.1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In most previous studies, the Wdiamond is used as a transmission target. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, it can be used as a reflection target in distributed X-ray source as well. 16 In this paper, we studied the X-ray production of W-diamond thin-film targets via Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, performed finite-element thermal analysis of the target, and predicted the performance of W-diamond thin-film target in both transmission and reflection configurations.The results of this study can be used to guide the design of distributed X-ray sources with thin-film target.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the radiative and thermal characteristics of thick X‐ray reflection targets have been studied thoroughly, the properties of thin‐film targets are very different and have not been studied thoroughly. In most previous studies, the W‐diamond is used as a transmission target 17–23 . However, it can be used as a reflection target in distributed X‐ray source as well 16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and optimization of thin‐film tungsten (W)‐diamond target for multi‐pixel X‐ray sources

et al. 2022

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Background Emerging multi‐pixel X‐ray source technology enables new designs for X‐ray imaging systems. The power of multi‐pixel X‐ray sources with a fixed anode is limited by focal spot power density. Purpose The purpose of this study is to optimize the W‐diamond target and predict its performance in multi‐pixel X‐ray sources. Methods X‐ray intensity and energy deposition in the W‐diamond target with different thicknesses of tungsten film and incident electron energies was calculated with the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to analyze the transient and stationary heat transfer in the thin‐film W‐diamond target. The maximum tube power and X‐ray output intensity were predicted for both transmission and reflection target configurations. Results The maximum focal spot power density was limited by either the graphitization of the diamond substrate or the melting point of the W target. With optimal W‐target thickness, the maximum transmission X‐ray intensities are about 40%–50% higher than the maximum reflection intensities. Thin‐film W‐diamond targets allow four to five times more maximum power input and produce six to seven times higher transmission X‐ray intensity in continuous mode compared with conventional reflection W thick targets. Depending on the focal spot size, reducing the X‐ray pulse duration can further enhance the tube power. Conclusions Multi‐pixel X‐ray sources using this W‐diamond target design can produce significantly higher X‐ray output than traditional thick tungsten targets without major modification of the tube design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and optimization of thin‐film tungsten (W)‐diamond target for multi‐pixel X‐ray sources

et al. 2022

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“…[47][48][49] Alternative approaches, by placing external forces such as electrostatic and magnetic forces on the E-beam, are considered to achieve the E-beam focusing for higher transmittance. [50][51][52][53] J. S. Han et al developed a curve-shape elliptical focusing lens above the gate, which achieved a high E-beam transmittance of 95.2%, showing new path for the highperformance X-ray tube. 54 J. Zhang et al demonstrated the effectiveness of introducing external magnetic field to enhance the performance of the gate-type cathodes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Boosting the Electron Beam Transmittance of Field Emission Cathode Using a Self-Charging Gate

Xiao

Sun

Du³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The gate-type carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cathodes exhibit advantages in long-term stable emission owing to the uniformity of electrical field on the CNTs, but the gate inevitably reduces the transmittance of electron beam (E-beam), posing challenges for system stabilities. In this work, we introduce an E-beam focusing technique using the self-charging SiNx/Au/Si gate. The surface potential of SiNx is measured to be approximately -60 V quickly after the cathode turning-on, the negative potential can be maintained as the emission goes on. The charged surface generates rebounding electrostatic forces on the following electrons, significantly focusing the E-beam on the center of gate hole and allowing them to pass through with minimal interceptions. An average transmittance of 96.17% is observed during a 550-hour prototype test. We believe that this high-efficiency, long-term stable cathode has great potential for using in neutralizers, solar sails and tethered satellites in the long-term space missions.

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Simulation study of electron beam optics for a distributed X-ray source toward stationary CT architecture

Fox,

Lee,

Alajo

et al. 2024

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Looking Inside a Prototype Compact X-Ray Tube Comprising CNT-Based Cold Cathode and Transmission-Type Anode

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Design and optimization of thin‐film tungsten (W)‐diamond target for multi‐pixel X‐ray sources

Design and optimization of thin‐film tungsten (W)‐diamond target for multi‐pixel X‐ray sources

Boosting the Electron Beam Transmittance of Field Emission Cathode Using a Self-Charging Gate

Simulation study of electron beam optics for a distributed X-ray source toward stationary CT architecture

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