Los espacios turísticos: producción, experiencias e imaginarios. El caso de la Araucanía andino-lacustre chilena, 1900-1940

Abstract

Los procesos de producción de espacios turísticos se expresan en sendas espacio-temporales, asociadas a una producción material, como las infraestructuras, equipamiento y conectividad, pero también en una producción inmaterial, basada en la difusión de imaginarios territoriales vinculados a la experiencia turística. Se busca analizar dicho proceso, en la Araucanía andino-lacustre chilena, entre 1900-1940, a partir de los relatos de los primeros viajeros con motivaciones turísticas a finales del siglo XIX y el rol de Estado como actor promotor de la turistificación del territorio en el sur de Chile. The processes of production of tourist spaces are expressed in space-time paths, associated with a material production, such as infrastructures, equipment and connectivity, but also in an immaterial production, based on the diffusion of territorial imaginaries linked to the tourist experience. It is sought to analyze this process, in the Chilean Andean-lacustrine Araucanía, between 1900-1940, based on the account of the first travelers with tourist motivations at the end of the 19th century and the role of the State as a promoter of the touristification of the territory in the South of Chile.

Land Management Drifted: Land Use Scenario Modeling of Trancura River Basin, Araucanía, Chile

“…SERNATUR (1975), the National Tourism Authority, is an institution that indirectly influences land use change in Chile. Martínez [91] recognized the involvement of the Chilean state in the construction of an imaginary narrative associated with tourism in the study area, even before the creation of SERNATUR. This was achieved through advertising and infrastructure development, which integrated the area into national and international market networks.…”

Neoliberal Lakeside Residentialism: Real Estate Development and the Sustainable Utopia in Environmentally Fragile Areas

“…This condition twists the socio-spatial dimension of everyday life in shoreline cities by subjecting the life paths described by Hågerstrand to fluctuations in tourism activity throughout the year [33]. These life paths expose the time-space flows that people cover over the course of a day, a month or a year, and which are altered by increased traffic; scarcity of food, medical and other supplies; the multiplication of demand; and other critical elements [3].…”

“…Beginning in the early twentieth century, the area began to see the arrival of colonisers from elsewhere in Chile and abroad, and these new inhabitants engaged primarily in forestry activities and livestock rearing, shaping the space according to the rural way of life [48]. Martinez [3] indicates that towards the second half of the twentieth century, the territory became a tourist enclave promoted by the Chilean state through projects to improve accessibility and infrastructure. This has now given way, as has been the case in so many other parts of the world, to so-called touristification [19].…”

“…In the context of these transformations, the role of the real estate developer is gaining in relevance, and there is an increasing need to address the environmental effects of this neoliberal form of space production, especially in a territory as fragile as the Andean lake district of southern Chile. During the second half of the twentieth century, typical rural ways of life in the area gave way to a focus on tourism, aided by the development of infrastructure and the promotion of a tourist imaginary by the Chilean state [3]. A number of studies have exposed the subsequent relevance of amenity migration in the territorial transformation of lakeside districts during the early twenty-first century [4][5][6].…”

Del Recurso Atractivo a La Experiencia Turística

“…Los bienes y los servicios existen fuera del comprador individual, las experiencias suceden dentro de él (Pine & Gilmore, 2012, p. 27). Estos posicionamientos se han anclado en el turismo en la actualidad y con ello coinciden Ballina, 2018;Riquelme, 2019;Mogollón, González, & Cerro, 2020;Wang & Chen, 2020;Żemła & Siwek, 2020. El trabajo tiene como objetivo discernir conceptos vinculados a la actividad turística como son recursos / atractivos, productos, ofertas y experiencias turísticas, cuyos conocimientos tienen importancia para el desarrollo de los procesos de gestión. Se destaca, la necesidad de transitar en la práctica, hacia una vivencia inolvidable de los excursionistas y turistas; que condicione el regreso al disfrute, una y otra vez de la experiencia vivida 1.…”