Los problemas de la reconstrucción de los calendarios prehispánicos andinos

Abstract

In the pre-Columbian Andes, as in any other pre-industrial culture, calendar systems, did have very important role but did not see much research before the 1970's. There are numerous difficulties in researching the subject that relate not only to the lack of source material but also to geographical, ethnical and social background. Many different ethnic groups lived in different parts of the Andean region. According to Ziółkowski and Sadowski these differences resulted in the existence of many calendric cycles. While studying the calendars it is important to understand the group that was using it. For example, despite the popularity of the lunar month among their people, the Inca elites used a solar calendar in their capital city.
 The article contains an appendix consisting of a reconstruction of the cuzquean luni-solar calendar and its correlation with the Julian calendar for the years 1532-1550.

Las Pléyades en el calendario agrario y ritual inca

“…En las últimas décadas se han realizado numerosos estudios sobre los conocimientos astronómicos de los incas, entre los que se pueden destacar los trabajos de Aveni (2003Aveni ( , 2005Aveni ( , 2018, Bauer y Dearborn (1995), Dearborn (2000), Urton (1978Urton ( , 1979Urton ( , 1981Urton ( , 1982Urton ( , 1983Urton ( , 2022, Ziółkowski (2015Ziółkowski ( , 1985 y Zuidema (1964Zuidema ( , 2004Zuidema ( , 2007Zuidema ( , 2008Zuidema ( , 2010Zuidema ( , 2014Zuidema ( , 2015. Si bien es cierto que todavía existen muchos interrogantes sobre cómo funcionaba el calendario inca (Ziółkowski y Sadowski 1984), actualmente se reconocen los importantes aportes realizados sobre esta temática desde la astronomía cultural.…”