A brief review of the kinetic formation of oxides of nitrogen is presented. Distinction is made between thermal NOx and fuel nitrogen NOx. The correlation of results is based both on data from literature and field data from Riley Stoker’s Air Pollution Study Program. The emission of NOx is shown to be capable of correlation based on fuel nitrogen, excess air, fuel, burning area heat release, combustion air temperature, furnace wall deposits, and furnace type. The results correlate to a standard deviation of 60 ppm.

Program outcome assessment is an integral part of systematic curriculum review and improvement. Accrediting commissions expect each student to achieve program outcomes by the time of graduation. Programs undergoing accreditation must have an assessment process that demonstrates program outcome achievement. Documenting and assessing just how graduates are meeting program outcomes can become a tedious and data intensive process. We report on our "assessment" of our assessment process that resulted in more streamlined procedures by targeting performance indicators. Our methodology included the development of a learn, practice and demonstrate model for each outcome that focuses performance indicators at the appropriate point in development. We target actual outcome achievement during the "demonstrate" phase with rubrics to detail the level of mastery on a modified Likert scale.We originally used seventy-eight embedded performance indicators spread throughout the curriculum. We reduced to thirty indicators using a mixture of internal and external measures such as individual classroom events and fundamentals of engineering exam topical area results. We also emplaced guidelines targeting a single outcome measurement per indicator. For example, in our capstone senior design course, virtually every assignment was being reviewed by one of our outcome monitors. By targeting performance indicators at specific sub-events and looking at those which had to be assessed during the course versus indicators assessed by advisors or senior faculty, we were able to reduce the embedded performance indicators by a factor of three. We applied similar techniques to reduce individual course director workload. We have found that by streamlining the outcome process and using a rubric approach applied across multiple outcomes, we can greatly reduce the number of performance indicators yet preserve our ability to accurately assess our program. Reduced workload assessing the program has enabled us to place more effort into improving the program.

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United State Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees makes any warranty, express of implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibilities for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its used would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendations, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency hereof. .. The problems heretofore with coal gasification and IGCC concepts have been their high cost and historical poor performance of fixed-bed gasifiers, particularly on caking coals. 11 List of Drawings List of TablesThe Gasification Product Improvement Facility (GPIF) project is being developed to solve these problems through the development of a novel coal gasification invention which incorporates pyrolysis (carbonization) with gasification (fixed-bed). It employs a pyrolyzer (carbonizer) to avoid sticky coal agglomeration caused in the conventional process of gradually heating coal through the 400'F to 9 0 0 ' F range. In so doing, the coal is rapidly heated sufficiently such that the coal tar exists in gaseous foxm rather than as a liquid. Gaseous tars are then thermally cracked prior to the completion of the gasification process. During the subsequent endothermic gasification reactions, volatilized alkali can become chemically bound to aluminosilicates in (or added to) the ash. To reduce N H 3 and HCN from fuel borne nitrogen, steam injection is minimized, and residual nitrogen compounds are partially chemically reduced in the cracking stage in the upper gasifier region . Assuming testing confirms successful deployment of all these integrated processes, future IGCC applications will be much simplified, require significantly less mechanical components, and will likely achieve the $1,000 /kWe commercialized system cost goal of the GPIF project .The management plan calls for a two phased program (Figure 1). The initial phase includes the proprietary PyGasTM gasification invention, necessary coal and limestone receiving/storage/reclaim systems to allow closely metered coal and limestone to be fed into the gasifier for testing. The coal gas is subsequently combusted in a closely coupled Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) located at the GPIF. The combusted flue gas then passes through an induced induced draft fan and is piped to the existing Fort Martin Unit #2 electrostatic precipitator breeching for passage out the existing Fort Martin Unit #2 stack. Gasification process steam is generated by the HRSG located at the GPIF.Major peripheral equipment such as foundations, process water treatment system, coal and limestone receiving/storage/handling, ash handling, ash storage silo, emergency v...

In the pre-Columbian Andes, as in any other pre-industrial culture, calendar systems, did have very important role but did not see much research before the 1970's. There are numerous difficulties in researching the subject that relate not only to the lack of source material but also to geographical, ethnical and social background. Many different ethnic groups lived in different parts of the Andean region. According to Ziółkowski and Sadowski these differences resulted in the existence of many calendric cycles. While studying the calendars it is important to understand the group that was using it. For example, despite the popularity of the lunar month among their people, the Inca elites used a solar calendar in their capital city. The article contains an appendix consisting of a reconstruction of the cuzquean luni-solar calendar and its correlation with the Julian calendar for the years 1532-1550.

Effect of Repowering on Effluents 9 Trace Elements Present in Coal Ash 10 Predicted Gas Compositions Contents-3 NEPA DOCUMENTATION TABLE OF CONTENTS PSIT SUPPORT Section P.ag_ 1. 3.2 Anticipated Emission from PSIT Laboratory Facilities 3.3 Permits Required 3.4 Agency Contacts 4. REFERENCES Contents = 4 NEPA DOCUMENTATION TABLE OF CONTENTS PSIT SUPPORT LIST OF FIGURES Etg_ eag_ 1 Proee_ flow diagram for Fort Martin 75 2 Boiler mass balance calculation results 77 3 Balance around convective section 81 4 Electrostatic precipitator mass balance 83 5 Overall balance at GPIF facility 86 6 Balance around CaS oxidation unit 93 7 Conversion of ammonia to NO x in a turbulent diffusion flame 102 8 PSIT Facility Location Map 105