Loss and recovery of nitrogenase in <i>Abuts incana</i> nodules exposed to low oxygen and low temperature

Huss‐Danell, Kerstin; Winship, Lawrence J.; Hahlin, Ann-Sofi

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1987.tb06155.x

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…On the other hand, if decreased activity in vivo was caused by lack of active nitrogenase, low activity would also be expected in vitro. In all cases nitrogenase activity in vivo and in vitro decreased almost in parallel when the plants were exposed to various stress factors (Huss-Danell & Sellstedt, 1985;Sundstrom & Huss-Danell, 1987;Huss-Danell, Winship & Hahlin, 1987;Huss-Danell & Hahlin, 1988;Vikman et al, 1990;Lundquist & Huss-Danell, 1991a, b). The loss of nitrogenase activity in vivo was apparently not restored by a supply of energy and reductant in vitro, and the interpretation is therefore that loss of active nitrogenase had occurred.…”

Section: Environmental Effects At the Plant Cell And Protein Levelmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This, in turn, would temporarily lower the rate of Og consumption until a new balance between incoming Og and consumed Og is reached. Short-term experiments with different oxygen tensions at normal (Rosendahl & Huss-Danell, 1988) or low temperature (Huss-Danell et al, 1987), and detailed studies on Ng/Ar shifts combined with different oxygen tensions (Lundquist, 1993), showed that the oxygen balance is involved in maintaining stable nitrogenase activity in Alnus. Growth experiments at different oxygen tensions (Silvester et al, 1988«;Kleemann et al, 1994) showed that, with time, Alnus nodules can adapt to altered oxygen tensions by altering the properties of Frankia vesicle envelopes as new vesicles are formed.…”

Section: Environmental Effects At the Plant Cell And Protein Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Actinorhizal symbioses and their N₂ fixation

1997

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summary More than 200 angiosperms, distributed in 25 genera, develop root nodule symbioses (actinorhizas) with soil bacteria of the actinomycetous genus Frankia. Although most soils studied contain infective Frankia, cultured strains are available only after isolation from root nodules. Frankia infects roots via root hairs in some hosts or via intercellular penetration in others. The nodule originates in the pericycle. The number of nodules in Alnus is determined by the plant in an autoregulated process that, in turn, is modulated by nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphate. Except in the genera Allocausarina and Casuarina, Frankia in nodules develops so‐called vesicles where nitrogenase is localized. Sporulation of Frankia occurs in some symbioses. As a group, actinorhizal plants show a large range of anatomical and biochemical adaptations in order to balance the oxygen tension near nitrogenase. In symbioses with well aerated nodule tissue like Alnus, the vesicles have a multilayered envelope composed mainly of lipids, bacterio‐hopanetetrol and their derivatives. This envelope is assumed to retard the diffusion of oxygen into the nitrogenase‐containing vesicle. In symbioses like Casuarina, the infected plant cells themselves, rather than Frankia, appear to retard oxygen diffusion, and high concentrations of haemoglobin indicate an infected region with a low oxygen tension. At least in Alnus spp., ammonia resulting from N2 fixation is assimilated by glutamine synthetase in the plant. The carbon compound(s) used by Frankia in nodules is not yet known. Nitrogenase activity decreases in response to a number of environmental factors but recovers upon return to normal conditions. This dynamism in nitrogenase activity is often explained by loss and recovery of active nitrogenase and has been traced to loss and recovery of the nitrogenase proteins themselves. Recovery is partly due to growth of Frankia and to development of new vesicles in the Alnus nodules. In the field, varying conditions continuously affect the plants and the measured rate of N2 fixation is a result not only of the conditions prevailing at the moment but also of the conditions experienced over preceding days. N2 fixed by actinorhizal plants is substantial and actinorhizal plants have great potential in soil reclamation and in various types of forestry. Several species are also useful in horticulture.

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Section: Environmental Effects At the Plant Cell And Protein Levelmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Environmental Effects At the Plant Cell And Protein Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinorhizal symbioses and their N₂ fixation

1997

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“…Several experiments performed on alders grown under controlled conditions have shown that different levels of stress affect the symbiosis differently. In a situation of moderate stress, as a short time exposure to low but not freezing temperature, the recovery is fairly fast (a few hours) and is probably mainly due to synthesis or reactivation of nitrogenase (Huss-Danell, Winship & Hahlin 1987). In a situation of severe stress, such as prolonged darkness (Lundquist & Huss-Danell 1991a,b;Vikman, Lundquist & Huss-Danell 1990), drought (Sundstrom & Huss-Danell, 1987), or chilling temperatures (Vogel & Dawson 1991), the recovery is slower, 5-7 d. Keeping alders in prolonged darkness resulted in a gradual loss of in vivo and in vitro nitrogenase activity as well as nitrogenase protein (Lundquist & Huss-Danell 1991a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day‐to‐day variation in nitrogenase activity of Alnus incana explained by weather variables: a multivariate time series analysis

Ekblad

Lundquist

Sjöstróm

et al. 1994

Plant Cell & Environment

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A modelling system is described that indicates the extent to which day‐to‐day variations in nitrogenase activity in young Alnus incana (L.) Moench, grown in defined conditions in the field, may be affected by weather conditions both during and prior to the day of measurement. Nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction activity, ARA) was measured weekly on intact field‐grown grey alder (A. incana) plants, 0.15–0.42 m tall at planting, nodulated with Frankia. The measurements were done at noon on two groups of plants in 1987 and on two other groups in 1988. Each group was made up of five or six plants. Seven weather variables: daily sunshine hours, daily mean, maximum and minimum air temperature, daily mean and 1300 h relative humidity, and daily rainfall were used. The relation between log(ARA/leaf area) and the weather variables were analysed using a PLS model (partial least squares projection to latent structures). The advantage of PLS is that it can handle x‐variables that are correlated. Data from 1987 were chosen as a training set. Multivariate PLS time series analysis was made by adding, in a stepwise manner, the weather data up to 5 d before the day of measurement. This procedure gave six models with n * 7 x‐variables (n= 1–6). With the models from the time series analysis of 1987 data, true predictions of ARA per leaf area were made from weather data 1988 (test set 1) and from ‘early‐season’ weather data from 1987 and 1988 (test set 2). The variation in ARA/leaf area could be predicted from the weather conditions. The predictions of the two test sets improved when the weather conditions one and two days before the day of measurements were added to the model. The further addition of weather data from 3 to 5 d before the day of measurement did not improve the model. The good predictions of ARA/leaf area show that the alders responded to the variable weather conditions in the same way in 1988 as in 1987, despite the ten‐fold difference in size (leaf area) at the end of the growing season. Among the weather variables, air temperature and the daily sunshine hours were positively correlated to ARA, while relative air humidity and rainfall were negatively correlated to ARA. The daily minimum temperature and rainfall appeared to have least impact on ARA. By use of PLS, we could extract information out of a data set containing highly correlated x‐variables, information that is non‐accessible with conventional statistical tools such as multiple regression. When making measurements of nitrogenase activities under field conditions, we propose that attention should be paid to the weather conditions on the days preceding the day of measurement. The day‐to‐day variation in nitrogenase activity is discussed with reference to known effects of stress factors under controlled conditions.

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“…Nitrogen fixation also appears to be temperature dependent. Optimal temperature for induction of Frankia nitrogenase activity in vitro or inside root nodules of actinorhizal plants is also well-documented (Reddell et al 1985;Fontaine et al 1986;Huss-Danell et al 1987;Tjepkema and Murry 1989). Frankia strain CpI1 exhibited maximum acetylene reduction activity and vesicle numbers at 25-30 °C temperature range (Tjepkema et al 1981;Tisa and Ensign 1987a).…”

Section: Temperature Tolerancementioning

confidence: 96%

Tolerance to environmental stress by the nitrogen-fixing actinobacterium Frankia and its role in actinorhizal plants adaptation

et al. 2016

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Environmental stresses are caused by human activities or natural events. Several of them including salinity, heavy metals, and extreme temperature affect both soil characteristics and plant growth and productivity. Actinorhizal plants are pioneer species that are able to grow in poor soils and improve soil fertility. They are widely used in agroforestry for different purposes including reclamation of degraded and contaminated lands. This capacity is mainly due to the plants forming a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with actinobacteria known as Frankia. In comparison to uninoculated plants, plants in symbiosis with Frankia have significantly improved plant growth, total biomass, and nitrogen and chlorophyll content which enhance the development of actinorhizal plants and their resistance to abiotic stresses. However, to optimize the adaptation of actinorhizal species to different environments, selection of both symbiotic partners is necessary. Frankia strains vary in their sensitivity and response to stress including salinity, heavy metals, extreme pH and drought. In this paper, we review the response of different Frankia strains to environmental stresses and their role that they play in the adaptation of actinorhizal plants to stressful conditions.

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Loss and recovery of nitrogenase in Abuts incana nodules exposed to low oxygen and low temperature

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Actinorhizal symbioses and their N₂ fixation

Actinorhizal symbioses and their N₂ fixation

Day‐to‐day variation in nitrogenase activity of Alnus incana explained by weather variables: a multivariate time series analysis

Tolerance to environmental stress by the nitrogen-fixing actinobacterium Frankia and its role in actinorhizal plants adaptation

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Loss and recovery of nitrogenase in Abuts incana nodules exposed to low oxygen and low temperature

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Actinorhizal symbioses and their N2 fixation

Actinorhizal symbioses and their N2 fixation

Day‐to‐day variation in nitrogenase activity of Alnus incana explained by weather variables: a multivariate time series analysis

Tolerance to environmental stress by the nitrogen-fixing actinobacterium Frankia and its role in actinorhizal plants adaptation

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Actinorhizal symbioses and their N₂ fixation

Actinorhizal symbioses and their N₂ fixation