Loss in Digestible Nutrients When Ensiled Barley Is Fed Whole

Nicholson, J. W. G.; Gorrill, A. D. L.; Burgess, P. L.

doi:10.4141/cjas71-092

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Assuming that grains were broken only during eating and rumination, then chewing was responsible, on average, for breaking 59, 46 44 and 38% of the intake of oats, wheat, barley and sorghum respectively. The value for oats is appreciably lower than the 88% reported by Shaw and Norton (1906) for cows, and for barley it was lower than Nicholson, Gorrill and Burgess (1971) found with 3-yr-old steers given high moisture grain and hay. Fitch and Wolberg (1934) observed approximately 43% sorghum excreted whole by cows; no values have been found for wheat.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Digestibility studies with cows given whole and rolled cereal grains

Nordin

Campling

1976

Anim. Sci.

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The susceptibility of whole and rolled cereal and legume seeds to microbial attack within the rumen of cows was examined by incubating seeds in nylon bags in the rumen for 24,48 and 72 hr. With whole, intact seeds the husked cereal grains were less susceptible than naked grains and legume seeds. Inter-varietal differences were observed with maize, oats and barley. Breaking the cereal grains before incubation considerably increased the losses of dry matter. Digestibility trials with non-lactating cows confirmed that barley, sorghum, wheat and oats were poorly digested when given whole, and considerable variation was recorded between individual cows in their ability to digest whole grains. Rolling the grains before feeding made the greatest improvement in digestibility with sorghum, wheat and barley and the least with oats.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Digestibility studies with cows given whole and rolled cereal grains

Nordin

Campling

1976

Anim. Sci.

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“…The decrease in OM digestibility of 014 when whole rather than rolled grain was included in the 0-90 concentrate diet is similar to that reported by Nicholson et al (1971) where rolling proportionately increased the digestibilities of DM, OM and energy of whole ensiled barley by 01 and 0-25 to 0-30 when yearling or 3-year-old steers, respectively, were given diets containing the barley. Morgan and Campling (1978) offered a diet containing 040 whole or rolled barley to 17-monthold steers.…”

Section: Utilization Of Whole Grain By Cattlesupporting

confidence: 78%

“…It is well known that the digestibility of barley is improved by processing (Nicholson, Gorrill and Burgess, 1971; Morgan and Campling, 1978;0rskov, 1979) and limited data suggest that substantial improvement in animal performance in slowly growing cattle will result when barley is rolled (Morgan, Males and Nelson, 1987). There is, however, a need for more data concerning the response to processing of barley when it is included in low proportions in the diet even though McDonald and Hamilton (1980) found that the relative digestibility of whole and rolled oats was not markedly influenced by their proportions in the diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of feeding whole and rolled barley to steers in the morning or afternoon in diets containing differing proportions of hay and grain

1991

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A 2 X 2 X 2 factorial experiment was conducted with 128 growing-finishing steer calves to examine the effects of feeding whole v. rolled barley in diets containing either a constant proportion of concentrate (0-67) or proportionately 0-33 concentrate for 56 days followed by 0-90 concentrate for 83 days, with the concentrate being given at either 08.00 or 15.30 h. Steers given hay at 08.00 h and concentrate at 15.50 h grew proportionately 0-05 faster (P < 0-05) and had better dry matter (DM): gain ratios (P < 0-05) during the first 56 days than those given concentrate at 08.00 h and hay at 09.00 h. By the end of the trial steers fed at 15.50 h had similar daily gains to steers fed at 08.00 h but required proportionately 0-02 less DM : gain (P <0-05). No significant difference in gain was detected between steers given whole (1-30 kg/day) or rolled (1-38 kg/day) barley, but those given whole barley ate proportionately 0-08 more DM daily and had a proportionately 0-15 poorer DM : gain ratio (P < 0-05). The digestibility of diets containing whole grain was reduced (P < 0-05). Thirty-six steers given whole barley bloated compared with nine given rolled barley (P < 0-05). No significant differences were found either in DM intake or in final proportion of concentrate in the diet between steers given the diet containing proportionately 0-67 concentrate throughout the feeding period and those given the variable concentrate diets. There was a trend for DM: gain ratios to be poorer for steers given the constant proportion of concentrate (6-89 v. 6-65).

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“…Feedlot performance trials with weanling steers have failed to prove advantages for rolled vs. whole high-moisture corn (Loerch and Fluharty, 1998), perhaps because chewing capacity is greater in younger cattle (Nicholson et al, 1971). To our knowledge, there is no information available about the possible interaction between cattle age and the digestibility of whole corn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cattle age, forage level, and corn processing on diet digestibility and feedlot performance1

Gorocica-Buenfil

Loerch

2005

Journal of Animal Science

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Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of cattle age and dietary forage level on the utilization of corn fed whole or ground to feedlot cattle. In Exp. 1, 16 steers were used to investigate the effects of cattle age and corn processing on diet digestibility. Two cattle age categories were evaluated (weanling [254 +/- 20 kg BW] and yearling [477 +/- 29 kg BW]; eight steers per group), and corn was fed either ground or whole to each cattle age category. Cattle age and corn processing did not affect (P > 0.10) diet digestibility of DM, OM, starch, CP, NDF or ADF, and no interactions (P > 0.10) between these two factors were detected. In Exp. 2, the effects of forage level and corn processing on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. One hundred eighty steers (310 +/- 40 kg BW) were allotted to 24 pens, and were fed one of the following diets: high-forage (18.2% corn silage) cracked corn (HFCC); high-forage shifting corn (whole corn for the first half of the trial, then cracked corn until harvest; HFSC); high-forage whole corn (HFWC); low-forage (5.2% corn silage) cracked corn (LFCC); low-forage shifting corn (LFSC); and low-forage whole corn (LFWC). For the high-forage diets, steers fed cracked corn had 7% greater DMI than those fed whole corn, whereas for the low-forage diets, grain processing did not affect DMI (interaction; P = 0.02). No interactions (P > 0.10) between forage level and corn processing were found for ADG and G:F. Total trial ADG and G:F, and percentage of carcasses grading USDA Choice, and carcass yield grade were not affected (P > 0.10) by corn processing. Cattle with fewer days on feed grew faster and more efficiently when cracked corn was fed, whereas cattle with longer days on feed had greater ADG and G:F when corn was fed whole (interaction; P < 0.10). In Exp. 3, the effects of forage level and corn processing on diet digestibility were evaluated. The high-forage cracked corn, high-forage whole corn, low-forage cracked corn, and low-forage whole corn diets used in Exp. 2 were fed to 16 steers (350 +/- 27 kg BW) in a digestion trial. No interactions (P > 0.10) between forage level and corn processing were detected for starch digestibility. Forage level and corn processing (grinding) did not affect (P > 0.10) diet DM, OM, starch, CP, and NDF digestibility. Processing corn did not provide additional benefits to feedlot cattle performance under these experimental conditions.

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Loss in Digestible Nutrients When Ensiled Barley Is Fed Whole

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 28 publications

References 3 publications

Digestibility studies with cows given whole and rolled cereal grains

Digestibility studies with cows given whole and rolled cereal grains

Effect of feeding whole and rolled barley to steers in the morning or afternoon in diets containing differing proportions of hay and grain

Effect of cattle age, forage level, and corn processing on diet digestibility and feedlot performance1

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