Loss of Biodiversity in Aquatic Ecosystems: Evidence from Fish Faunas

Moyle, Peter B.; Leidy, Robert A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-6426-9_6

Cited by 242 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Fish also have a major impact on the distribution and abundance of other organisms in waters they inhabit (LoweMcConnell, 1987;Moyle & Leidy, 1992;Helfman et al, 1997). Moyle & Leidy (1992) conservatively estimated that 20% of the world's freshwater ¢sh species (*1800 species) are extinct or in serious decline.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Degradation Of Tropical Freshwater and Estuarimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In elasmobranchs, habitat selection is in£uenced by abiotic factors, such as temperature, salinity, depth, and bottom type, and biotic factors, such as benthic vegetation, prey distribution and availability, predator distribution, social organization, and reproductive activity (Simpendorfer & Heupel, 2004). Access to pupping and nursery grounds is critical to the survival of the young of many elasmobranch species (Montoya & Thorson, 1982;Branstetter, 1990;Castro, 1993;Morrissey & Gruber, 1993a,b;Simpfendorfer & Milward, 1993), yet the coastal, estuarine, riverine, and lacustrine areas where they occur are being destroyed and degraded at an alarming rate (Moyle & Leidy, 1992;Camhi et al, 1998). In addition, a wide range of socio-economic factors in£uence the conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs (Table 8).…”

Section: Conservation Problems and Prioritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs: a review

Martin¹

2005

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

117

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Published data on the diversity, life history, ecology, and status of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs was reviewed in the context of anthropogenic threats and principles of conservation biology. At least 171 species of elasmobranch, representing 68 genera and 34 families, are recorded from fresh or estuarine waters. Of these, over half are marginal in estuaries, less than one-tenth are euryhaline, and one-¢fth are obligate in fresh water. Obligate freshwater elasmobranchs are dominated by myliobatoid stingrays, of which two-thirds are potamotrygonids endemic to Atlantic drainages of South America. Freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs adhere to strongly K-selected life histories and feed at high trophic levels, similar to those of their marine relatives. However, freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs are also subject to habitat constraints, notably more limited volume and physicochemical variability than the ocean, that may render them more vulnerable than marine elasmobranchs to the e¡ects of human activities. The greatest diversity and abundance of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs occur in tropical countries with enormous and rapidly increasing human populations, notably South America, West Africa, and south-east Asia. Knowledge of the biology, distribution, ecology, and status of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs is frustrated by unresolved taxonomic problems, which are brie£y summarized. To clarify selected issues in the conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs, special attention is given to sharks of the genus Glyphis, pristids, and potamotrygonids. To foster live release when possible as well as prevent discard of specimens and loss of data, an illustrated key to di¡erentiate Carcharhinus from Glyphis sharks is provided. Obligate freshwater elasmobranchs with limited geographic ranges are deemed most vulnerable to extinction, but euryhaline elasmobranchs that require access to the sea to breed are also at signi¢cant risk. Based on the foregoing data and principles of conservation biology, suggested action plans for the conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs and the conservation of freshwater habitats are provided.

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Section: Anthropogenic Degradation Of Tropical Freshwater and Estuarimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conservation Problems and Prioritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs: a review

Martin¹

2005

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

117

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“…In Bangladesh, fish is not only treated as delicious food item but also constitutes an important component of traditional food. Recent studies suggest that worldwide 20% of all freshwater species are being extinct, endangered or vulnerable (Moyle and Leidy, 1992). IUCN Red list (2000, Bangladesh) revealed 54 threatened freshwater species in Bangladesh of which 12 are critically endangered, 28 are endangered and 14 are vulnerable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Indigenous Fish Species in Ratargul Freshwater Swamp Forest, Bangladesh

Das¹,

Roy²

2017

IJSRES

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Abstract. Understanding the biodiversity indices provide key information for the conservation and management of natural aquatic ecosystem. The present study was conducted in the Ratargul freshwater swamp forest of Bangladesh from April to October 2016 to assess the biodiversity status of indigenous fish species. A total 62 fish species comprising 28 threatened species were recorded. Cypriniformes (37.46%) was the most dominant order while Anguiliformes (0.026%) was in lest dominant. Among the identified fish species 19.98% was recorded as threatened following IUCN. The Mean Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef richness index, Pielou"s evenness index and Simpson dominance index were counted as 3.690±0.191, 9.497± 1.314, 0.971±0.003 and 0.982±0.003, respectively. In case of similarity percentages analysis, the highest number of similar species was found during July to August and the lowest during April to October. It may be concluded that Ratargul swamp forest is enriched with fish biodiversity.

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“…about 6% of the known number of freshwater species). Other researchers have speculated that globally between 20% and 35% of all freshwater fish are threatened (Moyle & Leidy, 1992;Staissny, 1996). Although the loss of species is not solely a consequence of dams, they are one of the principal factors.…”

Section: Primary Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Living with dams: managing the environmental impacts

McCartney

2009

Water Policy

153

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Dams, through disruption of physiochemical and biological processes, have water and associated environmental impacts that have far reaching social and economic consequences. The impact of each dam is unique. It depends not only on the dam structure and the attributes of local biota but also climatic and geomorphic conditions. Given the number of existing dams (over 45,000 large dams) and the large number that may be built in the near future, it is clear that humankind must live with the environmental and social consequences for many decades to come. This paper provides a review of the consequences for ecosystems and biodiversity resulting directly from the presence of dams on rivers, and of constraints and opportunities for environmental protection. It illustrates that a wide range of both technical and non-technical measures has been developed to ameliorate the negative impacts of dams. It argues that relatively few studies have been conducted to evaluate the success of these measures and that it is widely perceived that many interventions fail, either for technical reasons or as a consequence of a variety of socioeconomic constraints. It discusses the constraints to successful implementation and mechanisms for promoting, funding and ensuring compliance. Finally, it contends that there is a need to improve environmental practices in the operation of both existing and new dams.

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Loss of Biodiversity in Aquatic Ecosystems: Evidence from Fish Faunas

Abstract: Fishes are appropriate indicators of trends in aquatic biodiversity

Cited by 242 publications

References 43 publications

conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs: a review

conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs: a review

Diversity of Indigenous Fish Species in Ratargul Freshwater Swamp Forest, Bangladesh

Living with dams: managing the environmental impacts

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