Loss of semi-natural grassland in a boreal landscape: impacts of agricultural intensification and abandonment

Aune, Sigrun; Bryn, Anders

doi:10.1080/1747423x.2018.1539779

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…For example, livestock grazing on lakeshores has decreased strongly (cf. Aune, Bryn, & Hovstad, 2018 Note: Random factor is lake (random effect variance = 0.050, SD = 0.223, residual variance = 0.448, SD = 0.670). Fixed effect variables are explained in the Methods section.…”

Section: Herbivores Did Better Than Invertivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population change in breeding boreal waterbirds in a 25‐year perspective: What characterises winners and losers?

et al. 2019

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1. Understanding drivers of variation and trends in biodiversity change is a general scientific challenge, but also crucial for conservation and management. Previous research shows that patterns of increase and decrease are not always consistent at different spatial scales, calling for approaches combining the latter. We here explore the idea that functional traits of species may help explaining divergent population trends.2. Complementing a previous community level study, we here analyse data about breeding waterbirds on 58 wetlands in boreal Fennoscandia, covering gradients in latitude as well as trophic status. We used linear mixed models to address how change in local abundance over 25 years in 25 waterbird species are associated with life history traits, diet, distribution, breeding phenology, and habitat affinity.3. Mean abundance increased in 10 species from 1990/1991 to 2016, whereas it decreased in 15 species. Local population increases were associated with species that are early breeders and have small clutches, an affinity for luxurious wetlands, an herbivorous diet, and a wide breeding range rather than a southern distribution.Local decreases, by contrast, were associated with species having large clutches and invertivorous diet, as well as being late breeders and less confined to luxurious wetlands. The three species occurring on the highest number of wetlands all decreased in mean abundance. The fact that early breeders have done better than late fits well with previousresearch about adaptability to climate change, that is, response to earlier springs.We found only limited support for the idea that life history traits are good predictors of wetland level population change. Instead, diet turned out to be a strong candidate for an important driver of population change, as supported by a general decrease of invertivores and a concomitant increase of large herbivores. 5. In a wider perspective, future research needs to address whether population growth of large-bodied aquatic herbivores affects abundance of co-occurring invertivorous species, and if so, if this is due to habitat alteration, or to interference or exploitative competition.

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Section: Herbivores Did Better Than Invertivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population change in breeding boreal waterbirds in a 25‐year perspective: What characterises winners and losers?

et al. 2019

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“…Sheep are also kept on managed pastures to maintain the agricultural landscape. Grants are provided for grazing livestock that counteract the overgrowing of former agricultural land with shrubs (Aune et al, 2018). Agricultural specialization was a recent phenomenon and farmers who specialize on grain, potatoes, or vegetables often have an old barn on the farm.…”

Section: Managed and Unmanaged Pasturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combined effects of centralization and carnivore management on sheep farmers and sheep farming in Norway

Strand¹

2020

Human Dimensions of Wildlife

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Sheep farmers in areas with large carnivores experience economic loss, psychological stress, and perceived alienation from political processes. This can result in decisions that differ from those made by farmers in areas without large carnivores, possibly influencing the whole farming system. We used applications for farming subsidies to examine changes in sheep farming in Norway 1999 to 2017. Along the urbanrural dimension, we found a stronger decline in increasingly rural areas. The decline was furthermore larger inside regions used for the reintroduction of large carnivores than outside these regions. The observed decline in some regions was compensated by growth in central regions, outside carnivore prone areas, and on managed land where the sheep was protected from carnivores. The result complements studies of mental dispositions and decision processes aiming to explain how large carnivores and the carnivore management policy influence the farmers' attitudes and decisions, resulting in behaviors that effect larger social systems.

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“…The heavy dependency on soil basicity and acidity differences in the NiN system is probably a major reason behind the low classification accuracy for both the API method and the FS method with regard to agricultural land, including semi-natural grasslands. As major carriers of biodiversity, these have many classes to choose from , including a number of classes with different levels of basicity that are difficult to separate from aerial photographs (Aune et al 2018). Another factor influencing classification success of agricultural classes is disproportionately high number of units related to different agricultural practices of a varying intensity (a total of 48 units in NiN).…”

Section: Implications Of Mapping According To the Nin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging theory and implementation – Testing an abstract classification system for practical mapping by field survey and 3D aerial photographic interpretation

Ullerud

Bryn

Skånes

2019

Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography

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The abstract classification system Nature in Norway (NiN) has detailed ecological definitions of a high number of ecosystem units, but its applicability in practical vegetation mapping is unknown because it was not designed with a specific mapping method in mind. To investigate this further, two methods for mapping-3D aerial photographic interpretation of colour infrared photos and field surveywere used to map comparable neighbouring sites of 1 km 2 in Hvaler Municipality, southeastern Norway. The classification accuracy of each method was evaluated using a consensus classification of 160 randomly distributed plots within the study sites. The results showed an overall classification accuracy of 62.5% for 3D aerial photographic interpretation and 82.5% for field survey. However, the accuracy varied for the ecosystem units mapped. The classification accuracy of ecosystem units in acidic, dry and open terrain was similar for both methods, whereas classification accuracy of calcareous units was highest using field survey. The mapping progress using 3D aerial photographic interpretation was more than two times faster than that of field survey. Based on the results, the authors recommend a method combining 3D aerial photographic interpretation and field survey to achieve effectively accurate mapping in practical applications of the NiN system.

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Loss of semi-natural grassland in a boreal landscape: impacts of agricultural intensification and abandonment

Cited by 40 publications

References 64 publications

Population change in breeding boreal waterbirds in a 25‐year perspective: What characterises winners and losers?

Population change in breeding boreal waterbirds in a 25‐year perspective: What characterises winners and losers?

The combined effects of centralization and carnivore management on sheep farmers and sheep farming in Norway

Bridging theory and implementation – Testing an abstract classification system for practical mapping by field survey and 3D aerial photographic interpretation

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