Losses and gains of soil organic carbon in grasslands in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Medeiros, Aldair de Souza; Maia, Stoécio Malta Ferreira; Santos, Thiago Cândido dos; Gomes, Tâmara Cláudia de Araújo

doi:10.1590/1678-992x-2019-0076

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the Brazilian semi-arid region, land-use change occurs through deforestation and burning of native vegetation (NV) known as "Caatinga", followed by conventional soil tillage for implementing rainfed agriculture, usually by smallholders who cultivate short-cycle crops, in parallel with extensive livestock farming (MEDEIROS et al, 2020). In addition, this region has short and irregular periods of rainfall and high evapotranspiration and temperature, which limits the production of plant biomass and hampers soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation in these systems (MEDEIROS et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the surface soil layer, normally there is greater supply of C by roots and litter, but also greater microbial activity and higher SOM mineralization rates compared to deeper layers (BLÉCOURT et al, 2019) and are due to the major disturbances that occur in this layer (SANTANA et al, 2019). For example, in the pasture area, these impacts are related to the pressure exerted by the animals (OLIVEIRA et al, 2016), which compacts the soil, reducing water infiltration and soil aeration and limiting root development, consequently, the input of SOM (MEDEIROS et al, 2021), and in agricultural areas these impacts are related to conventional management techniques, mainly the soil tillage and decrease of organic matter input (MEDEIROS et al, 2020). This effect has also been observed by de Blécourt et al (2019) in semi-arid southern Africa, as well as in other Brazilian regions by Kantola, Masters, Delucia (2017), andSantos et al (2011), who indicated higher losses of C in the surface layer of the soil.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, the large increase in the POM fraction in the RRPa10 area occurred probably due to the absence of constant soil tillage, as happens in agricultural areas (SALTON et al, 2011), the release of root exudates from grasses (OLIVEIRA et al, 2016), greater production of plant residues and thin roots with easier decomposition (SANTANA et al, 2019). In addition, this increase in POM in the pasture area must be related to the amount of biomass in this system (MEDEIROS et al, 2021), since according to Sampaio and Costa (2011), native pasture in the Brazilian semi-arid region has an input of 6 Mg ha -1 year -1 of aboveground biomass, 2 Mg ha -1 year -1 of belowground biomass and fixation of 120 Tg year -1 of C in the biomass, which is greater than the aboveground (4 Mg ha -1 year -1 ) and belowground biomass input (1 Mg ha -1 year -1 ) and C fixation in the biomass (38 Tg year -1 ) in the area of annual crops. These data confirm the differences in POM results found in this study.…”

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Soil Carbon Stocks and Compartments of Organic Matter Under Conventional Systems in Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

2022

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the conversion of secondary native vegetation (NV) to conventional systems (agriculture and pasture) in soil organic carbon (SOC) and carbon of fractions particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Delmiro Gouveia, Inhapi and Pariconha, in Alagoas, Brazil. Soils were collected in the layers of 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 m. The treatments analyzed were: agricultural crops with 4, 15 and 30 years and pasture with 10 years. As a reference, the secondary Caatinga was used. The results show that in soils with sandy texture (Neossolos Quartzarênico and Regolítico – Arenosols and Regosols, respectively), there were reductions in SOC levels and carbon in the compartment associated with minerals. The inverse can be observed in the clay-textured Argissolo (Acrisols), with 30 years of cultivation, in which there was an increase in SOC and C in the quantitative fractions of soil organic matter. In addition, despite the sandy texture of the Neossolo Regolítico, POM levels were increased in the pasture system in comparison to native vegetation, but it was not enough to recover the original SOC content of this system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Carbon Stocks and Compartments of Organic Matter Under Conventional Systems in Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

2022

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“…There was compelling evidence that natural forest and herb were important CH 4 sink and the reversion to them could still promote CH 4 uptake, and the function of CH 4 sink became prominent as the ecosystem gradually stabilized. And soil SOC in forest and grassland grew higher than the former land uses as time went on (Figure S4e; Table S3), because the reversed vegetation protection promoted the organic carbon accumulation (Feng et al, 2022; Medeiros et al, 2020). The ascending CH 4 uptake was accompanied by relatively high SOC in the reversed land uses because its flux would decrease with the increase of organic carbon in forest soil (Gatica et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of soil greenhouse gas emissions to land use conversion and reversion—A global meta‐analysis

Feng

Wang

Wan

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Exploring the responses of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to land use conversion or reversion is significant for taking effective land use measures to alleviate global warming. A global meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the responses of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions to land use conversion or reversion, and determine their temporal evolution, driving factors, and poten-

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“…Livestock grazing has been identified as a primary anthropogenic factor affecting grassland ecosystem services worldwide (Donovan & Monaghan, 2021; Teutscherova et al, 2021; Venter et al, 2021). Overgrazing—grazing for extended periods without sufficient vegetation recovery—causes a reduction in net primary production (Donovan & Monaghan, 2021; Wei et al, 2022), soil compaction as a result of animal trampling (Julich et al, 2022), the depletion of topsoil fertility and the reduction of water infiltration (Panahi et al, 2021), loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) (Medeiros et al, 2021), and heightened risks of soil erosion (Donovan & Monaghan, 2021; Panahi et al, 2021). In the past decades, relevant policies with strict regulations have been implemented in many regions/countries to regulate grazing activity and restore degraded grassland ecosystem services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant biotype interacting grazing activity shapes grassland ecosystem functions

Wang,

Feng,

Sun

et al. 2023

Ecosphere

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Grasslands play an essential role in maintaining the health of planet Earth, but many grasslands have lost their ecosystem services due to unsustainable management practices, such as overgrazing. Little is known about how grazing activity interacts with plant biotypes, impacting grassland ecosystem services. Here, we (1) assessed the relative performance of five plant biotypes in response to grazing activities and (2) determined the effectiveness of grazing exclusion in enhancing soil physiochemical properties in grasslands. The synthesis of 39,214 observations on plant‐, soil‐, and anthropogeny‐related factors from 88 published studies revealed that grazing exclusion increased aboveground plant biomass accumulation by 100.4% (±4.2 SE), belowground biomass by 70.2% (±25.7), total soil C content by 21.4% (±1.7), and soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration by 14.3% (±0.8), on average, as compared to moderate‐to‐heavy (MtH) grazing. Plant biotypes responded to grazing activities differently; alpine meadows increased total soil C content by 107.2%, alpine steppes increased SOC by 52.2%, but desert steppes decreased total C content by 21.8% under the grazing exclusion. All plant biotypes reduced soil bulk density by 6.4%–19.4% under grazing exclusion. Soil microbial community diversity responded to grazing activities inconsistently, ranging from an 18% decrease to a 26% increase in soil microbial diversity compared to MtH grazing. We conclude that selecting appropriate plant biotypes alongside improved grazing management will enhance grassland ecosystem functions and services as plant biotypes affect aboveground and belowground biomass and interface with soil physiochemical properties.

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Losses and gains of soil organic carbon in grasslands in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Soil Carbon Stocks and Compartments of Organic Matter Under Conventional Systems in Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

Soil Carbon Stocks and Compartments of Organic Matter Under Conventional Systems in Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

Responses of soil greenhouse gas emissions to land use conversion and reversion—A global meta‐analysis

Plant biotype interacting grazing activity shapes grassland ecosystem functions

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