Losses and grass silage quality in bunker silos compacted by tractor versus wheel loader

Randby, Å. T.; Halvorsen, Haakon Nordtveit; Bakken, Anne Kjersti

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114523

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Limited air exposure due to strong compaction, may illustrate the phenomenon of reduced nutrient degradation in the SB group. Conversely, the contents of ADF and NDF increased during aerobic exposure, which was indirectly caused by the loss of WSC in the WPCS ( Randby et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feeding WPCS from BS has the advantage of being more efficient than feeding WPCS from RB and SB. The plastic consumption per gram of crop in BS was calculated to be more than 5 times lower than that in SB ( Randby et al, 2020 ). However, there have been opposite conclusions considering the nutritional quality and feeding value of silages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Characterization of mycotoxins and microbial community in whole-plant corn ensiled in different silo types during aerobic exposure

Xia

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Silage can be contaminated with mycotoxins and accidental fungi after aerobic exposure. The study assessed the effects of bunker silos (BS), round bales (RB), and silage bags (SB) on the nutritional characteristics, fermentation quality, aerobic stability, mycotoxin levels and microbial communities of whole-plant corn silage (WPCS). After 90 days of fermentation, silages were opened and sampled at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days of exposure. SB group conserved higher lactic acid and dry matter contents and a lower pH value than other groups after 9 days of exposure (p < 0.05). The SB group showed the longest aerobic stability (202 h) among all silages (p < 0.05). The concentrations of aflatoxin B1, trichothecenes and fumonisin B1 were significantly lower in SB after 9 days of exposure (p < 0.05). Acetobacter became the dominant bacteria in BS and RB groups after 5 days of exposure. However, Lactobacillus still dominated the bacterial community in SB group. Acetobacter was positively correlated with pH, acetic acid content, and ammonia-N content (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus was positively correlated with Kazachstania and Candida abundances (p < 0.01) but negatively correlated with Fusarium abundance (p < 0.05). Considering the feed value and food safety of silage in the feeding process, silage bags are recommended for WPCS according to the observed nutritional quality, fermentation index and mycotoxin content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterization of mycotoxins and microbial community in whole-plant corn ensiled in different silo types during aerobic exposure

Xia

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…152/2009 2). Silage fermentation products and ammonia nitrogen were analyzed on fresh silage samples at Eurofins (Eurofins Agro Testing Norway AS, Moss, Norway) as recently described by Randby et al (2020).…”

Section: Feed Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source in early- to mid-lactation dairy cow diets: Effects on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, and milk production

Kidane

Vhile

Ferneborg

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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We examined the effects of substituting soybean meal with either yeast protein from Cyberlindnera jadinii or barley in concentrate feeds on feed intake, ruminal fermentation products, milk production, and milk composition in Norwegian Red (NRF) dairy cows. The concentrate feeds were prepared in pellet form as soy-based (SBM; where soybean meal is included as a protein ingredient), yeast-based (YEA; soybean meal replaced with yeast protein), or barley-based (BAR; soybean meal replaced with barley). The SBM contained 7.0% soybean meal on a dry matter (DM) basis. This was replaced with yeast protein and barley in the YEA and BAR concentrate feeds, respectively. A total of 48 early-to mid-lactation [days in milk ± standard deviation (SD): 103 ± 33.5 d] NRF cows in their first to fourth parity and with initial milk yield of 32.6 kg (SD = 7.7) were allocated into 3 groups, using a randomized block design, after feeding a common diet [SBM and good-quality grass silage: crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of 181 and 532 g/ kg of DM, respectively] for 14 d (i.e., covariate period). The groups (n = 16) were then fed one of the dietary treatments (SBM, YEA, or BAR) for a period of 56 d (i.e., experimental period). The concentrate feeds were offered in split portions from 3 automatic feeders using electronic identification, with ad libitum access to the same grass silage. Dietary treatments had no effect on daily silage intake, total DM intake, or total NDF intake. Dietary CP intake was lower and starch intake was higher in the BAR group compared with the other groups. Ruminal fluid pH, short-chain volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, acetate-to-propionate ratio, and non-glucogenic to glucogenic VFA ratio were not affected by dietary treatments. No effects of the dietary treatments were observed on body weight change, body condition score change, milk yield, energy-corrected milk yield, milk lactose and fat percentages, or their yields. In conclusion, yeast protein can substitute conventional soybean meal in dairy cow diets without adverse effect on milk production and milk composition, given free access to good-quality grass silage.

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“…In controlled silage experiments such as mini-silos, exposure to air, humidity, and temperature changes are intentionally controlled ( Kim and Adesogan, 2006 ), so single factors can be explored to measure individual effects. This is not the case in large scale silage operations on farms, where silage fermentation conditions vary from farm to farm depending on specific conditions such as silo type, forage growing conditions, packing density, ensiling temperature, storage periods, regional considerations, and individual practices ( Filya et al, 2007 ; Muck et al, 2015 ; Windle and Kung, 2016 ; Randby et al, 2020 ). However, because of the nature of silage research and the use of mini silos, there is little to no information on most of these specific effects, due to the difficulties in studying these factors experimentally in commercial operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm management practices and season dependent factors affect the microbial community and chemical profile of corn and grass-legume silages of farms in Ontario, Québec, and Northern New York

et al. 2023

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The effects of farm management practices and seasonal variation on the microbial community and chemical composition of corn and grass-legume silage are largely understudied due to the advantages of controlled mini-silo experiments. This study aims to investigate the effects that some key farm factors (use of an inoculant, farm region, and bunker or tower silo) and seasonal variations have on corn and grass-legume silage from farms across Ontario, Quebec, and New York. The silage was either treated with a commercial inoculant (Lallemand Biotal Buchneri 500® or Chr Hansen SiloSolve FC®) or left untreated. The bacterial communities of silage were compared to those of raw bulk tank milk from the same farm to determine if they were similarly affected by management practices or seasonal variations. Family level analysis of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 gene amplicon bacterial community, the ITS1 amplicon fungal community, NMR water soluble metabolome, and mycotoxin LC–MS were performed on silage over a two-year period. Chemical compounds associated with the use of inoculants in corn and grass-legume silage were higher in inoculated corn (acetate, propane-1,2-diol, γ-aminobutyrate; p < 0.001) and grass-legume (propionate; p = 0.011). However, there was no significant difference in the relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillaceae in either silage type. Leuconostocaceae was higher in non-inoculated corn (p < 0.001) and grass-legume (p < 0.001) silage than in inoculated silage. Tower silos had higher RA of Leuconostocaceae (p < 0.001) and higher pH (p < 0.001) in corn and grass-legume silage. The one farm that used liquid manure with no other fertilizer type had higher RA of Clostridiaceae (p = 0.045) and other rumen/fecal (p < 0.006) bacteria in grass-legume silage than all other farms. Seasonal variation affected most of the key silage microbial families, however the trends were rarely visible across both years. Few trends in microbial variation could be observed in both silage and bulk tank milk: two farms had higher Moraxellaceae (p < 0.001) in milk and either corn or grass-legume silage. In farms using an inoculant, lower Staphylococcaceae was observed in the raw bulk tank milk.

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Losses and grass silage quality in bunker silos compacted by tractor versus wheel loader

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Characterization of mycotoxins and microbial community in whole-plant corn ensiled in different silo types during aerobic exposure

Characterization of mycotoxins and microbial community in whole-plant corn ensiled in different silo types during aerobic exposure

Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source in early- to mid-lactation dairy cow diets: Effects on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, and milk production

Farm management practices and season dependent factors affect the microbial community and chemical profile of corn and grass-legume silages of farms in Ontario, Québec, and Northern New York

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