Losses in Wheat Due to Waterlogging

Abstract

Waterlogging stress is one of the limiting factors influencing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production, especially in the lower Mississippi valley. A rain‐shelter experiment was designed to evaluate the trend response of nine wheat genotypes to four levels of waterlogging treatment: 0, 10, 20, and 30 d of flooding. Genotypes planted in polyvinilchloride (PVC) containers 25 cm long by 10 cm in diameter were waterlogged in plastic tanks under controlled rain conditions. Results indicated significant linear responses for kernels per head and tillers per plant, significant linear and quadratic responses for yield and chlorophyll content, and significant linear and cubic responses for plant height. The linear trend was the most important component, explaining from 92 to 99% of the variability due to waterlogging. Linear prediction equations were obtained to describe the relationship between different traits and waterlogging stress. Losses in yield and yield components were evaluated in a field experiment with 15 genotypes under control and waterlogging treatment. Average yield losses of 44% were mainly caused by a decrease in tiller number and kernels per head. Under waterlogging treatment, tiller number and kernels per head were reduced by 41 and 20%, respectively. Screening of wheat genotypes revealed the potential for waterlogging tolerance in breeding material and identified tolerant cultivars useful for waterlogged environments. ‘Terral LA 422’, ‘Shelby’, and ‘Pioneer 2691’ were the most adapted genotypes for waterlogging treatments. Because of a significant interaction with waterlogging treatment, some of the high‐yielding genotypes under non‐flooded conditions such as ‘Coker 9663’ and ‘FFR 502W’ showed low tolerance to waterlogging. The results provided information on the methods quantifying losses from waterlogging and identified selection criteria for waterlogging tolerance in wheat.

Genetic Variability of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) for Water Logging and Salinity Tolerance under in vitro and in vivo Conditions

“…Water logging results in wilting, chlorosis, senescence and abscission of leaves which may be due to reduced uptake and mobilization of nutrients. Reduction in chlorophyll content was also reported in pigeonpea [43,44], wheat [45], maize [46] and Vigna sinensis [47]. The highly significant negative correlation between reduction in chlorophyll content and plant survival indicated that high reduction in chlorophyll after water logging and saline treatments disrupted plant metabolism which led to plant mortality.…”

Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Yield Responses of Winter Wheat to Waterlogging at Different Growth Stages

“…Mineral nutrient deficiencies and microelement toxicities at the physiological level were reported by Setter and Waters (2003) and Setter et al (2009). Waterlogging can reduce winter wheat grain yield by approximately 20 to 50%, depending on several factors, which includes the stage of crop development (Setter and Waters, 2003) and severity and duration of waterlogging (Collaku and Harrison, 2002;Malik et al, 2002). Several studies have shown that the variations in wheat yield were primarily reflected in grain number, with little influence on individual grain weight (González et al, 2005;Peltonen-Sainio et al, 2007).…”

The Low-Oxygen-Induced NAC Domain Transcription Factor ANAC102 Affects Viability of Arabidopsis Seeds following Low-Oxygen Treatment

“…Transient waterlogging, which can impose lowoxygen stress on established plants, has been shown to reduce yield in a number of crops, including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum; Hodgson and Chan, 1982), wheat (Triticum aestivum; Collaku and Harrison, 2002), barley (Hordeum vulgare; Setter and Waters, 2003), maize (Zea mays; Mason et al, 1987), and canola (Brassica napus; Cannell and Belford, 1980). Even rice (Oryza sativa), which is well adapted to growing partially underwater, is adversely affected when the entire plant is submerged (Singh et al, 2001).…”