Lost in the Numbers: Gender Equity Discourse and Women of Color in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

Athena SWAN and ADVANCE: effectiveness and lessons learned

“…From 2001 to 2018, NSF provided more than US$297 000 000 for ADVANCE to more than 179 institutions of higher education (5•3% of all US institutions of higher education) and non-profit organisations in 47 US states. 9 In response to the finding that ADVANCE privileged the experiences and needs of white women, 10 NSF has acknowledged the role of intersectionality (emerging from feminist and critical race theory), and the effects of the overlap of race and ethnicity, class, religion, and other social identities (including gender) for women in STEM. The spectrum of gender and STEM workplace stigmas that relate to different physical and mental abilities, country of origin and education, and age are beginning to be recognised as important for understanding the experiences of women in STEM in various institutional contexts.…”

The Status of Women in STEM in Higher Education: A Review of the Literature 2007–2017

“…These include gendered teaching loads (Carrigan, Quinn, and Riskin 2011), tenure and promotion (Soto 2014 (Blackwell, Snyder, and Mavriplis 2009;Feeney, Bernal, and Bowman 2014;Karpman 2015;Settles et al 2013), research (Cozzens 2008;Deemer, Mahoney, and Ball 2012;Hart 2016;Holleran et al 2011;Howe, Juhas, and Herbers 2014), departmental policies (Holmes, Kasi Jackson, and Stoiko 2016), diverse hiring practices (Easley 2013;King 2013;Leggon 2010;Smith et al 2015;Torres 2012;Williams and Ceci 2015), and burnout (Pedersen and Minnotte 2017;Xu 2008). McClelland and Holland (2015, 218) found male campus leaders who exhibit lower personal responsibility frequently described women faculty as the ones who should be responsible for initiating changes related to gender equity and their "choices" to have a family were obstacles to gender diversity in STEM.…”

Organizational interventions and the creation of gendered knowledge: US universities and NSF ADVANCE

“…The comparative knowledge emerging is shaping the further development of the programme. For example, Torres () and Hunt, Morimoto, Zajicek, and Lisnic () found ADVANCE sites continue to privilege white women's experiences and needs and lack attention to intersectional forms of inequality; the NSF ADVANCE 2016 calls for proposals explicitly addressing this need for knowledge.…”