Low back pain development differentially influences centre of pressure regularity following prolonged standing

Abstract

Occupations requiring prolonged periods of static standing are associated with the development of low back pain (LBP). Certain individuals are susceptible to LBP development during prolonged standing (pain developers, PDs) while others are not (non-pain developers, NPDs). Linear centre of pressure (COP) measures suggest that standing balance control is negatively influenced following prolonged standing, and that PDs and NPDs may be differentially affected. The objective of this study was to determine if nonlinear standing balance control, quantified on COP, using sample entropy, is altered after 2-h of standing. Thirty two participants stood for 2-h. Separate 2-min standing trials, performed with eyes open and eyes closed, were collected before and after the 2-h standing protocol. Sample entropy, median power frequency and RMS amplitude of the COP time-series, was calculated from the 2-min standing trials for all participants. For comparison, participants were classified, post hoc, as PDs or NPDs according to visual analog scale pain scores. Sample entropy decreased after 2-h of standing for both PDs and NPDs, however, the decrease for NPDs was only 21% of the decrease observed in PDs. This study demonstrated that nonlinear control of upright standing changes after 2- hours of standing, resulting in an increase in COP regularity post 2- hours of standing for both PDs and NPDs. PDs displayed a greater change in COP regularity, which is supported by the theory that increased COP regularity occurs with pain/pathology.

Effect of Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection for PLID with Moderate Spinal Canal Stenosis Through Caudal Epidural Route

“…Prevalence was found more among male compared to female in this study that is similar in most other studies 6 . Prevalence and intensity was more among household worker in comparison with manual worker and official desk worker that is similar in other study 7 .…”

Occupational Characteristics of Low Back Pain Among Standing Workers in a Japanese Manufacturing Company

“…Recent studies have demonstrated that spending extended periods standing has an effect on the development of LBP (Coenen, Parry, et al, 2017; Coenen, Willenberg, et al, 2016; Fewster et al, 2017). Kopec et al showed that men who stood as part of their usual daily activities were at greater risk of LBP (Kopec et al, 2004).…”

“…A systematic review of 18 prospective cohort studies reported conflicting findings between LBP and numerous factors including engaging in sports and exercise during leisure time, full body vibration during work, heavy physical work, and postures involving bending and/or twisting of the trunk while working (Bakker, Verhagen, van Trijffel, Lucas, & Koes, 2009). Several studies have reported prolonged standing as a risk factor for LBP due to increased trunk or gluteal muscle activity, and a higher load on the lumbar spine (Andersen, Haahr, & Frost, 2007; Coenen, Parry, et al, 2017; Coenen, Willenberg, et al, 2016; Fewster, Gallagher, Howarth, & Callaghan, 2017; Gregory, Brown, & Callaghan, 2008; Gregory & Callaghan, 2008; Macfarlane et al, 1997). In contrast, some studies have demonstrated no significant associations between prolonged standing and LBP (Harkness, Macfarlane, Nahit, Silman, & McBeth, 2003; Yip, 2004).…”

The Effect of Standing Mats on Biomechanical Characteristics of Lower Limbs and Perceived Exertion for Healthy Individuals during Prolonged Standing

“…Besides, the posture of standing is also associated with some pathological symptoms. For example, a sudden change from a low center of gravity to a standing posture might be associated with postural hypotension, and prolonged standing could induce foot pain [ 3 ], leg stiffness [ 4 , 5 ], low back pain [ 6 , 7 ], and other complications [ 8 ].…”