Low Concentration of Bisphenol a Induces Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells, HGC-27

Abstract

Bisphenol A, an endocrine disrupting compounds that affect human homeostasis. Studies on BPA are focusing on the impact of BPA in reproductive function and brain development. However, the effect of BPA on gut especially gastric cells is not well explored. Gut is directly in contact with ingested BPA; therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of BPA exposure on gastric cells proliferation at safe recommended concentration. Human gastric cancer cells (HGC-27) were treated with BPA at different concentration (low: 10-9M, 10-7M; high10-5M, 10-4M) and time point (24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr). Cell viability assays were determined using MTS assay. Cells were further stained with Alexa Fluor-635 (F-actin) and Fluorescein (Hif-1α) protein for immunocytofluorescence. Data were analysed using ANOVA (p<0.05, n≥3). Cells treated with 10-9M BPA showed significance increase of cell viability after 48 hr (Mean ±SEM; 146%±0.03, p=0.01) and 72 hr (113%±0.03, p=0.00) compared to 24 hr treatment (77%±0.11, p=0.002). Similarly, cell treated with 10-7M BPA showed a significance increase after 48 hr (141%±0.03, p=0.03) and 72 hr (190%±0.03, p=0.02) compared to 24 hr cells treated with 10-7M (88%±0.05, p=0.01) and untreated (100%±0.07). Lower concentration of BPA increases the condensation of F-actin in all HGC-27 cells. Meanwhile, translocation of Hif-1α protein were observed in all BPA-exposed cells. Findings of this study revealed that BPA induced proliferation and condensation of F-actin structure of gastric cancer cells at low concentration.

In Silico Study to Predict the Structural and Functional Consequences of SNPs on Biomarkers of Ovarian Cancer (OC) and BPA Exposure-Associated OC

“…In the same protein, an increased z-score from −3.23 to −1.19 was noted, whereas for the mutant-type protein, the z-score changed from −3.24 to −1. 16.…”

“…Bisphenol A (BPA) (an EDC) has a pro-carcinogenic impact in hormone-dependent and hormone-independent cancers [9][10][11]. BPA exposure is reported to alter the cancer cells' biological behaviours, particularly, proliferation, invasion, growth, survival, migration and apoptosis [9,[12][13][14][15][16]. Recently, we have identified seven genes that have prognostic power for the overall survival in OC, namely Guanylate Binding Protein 5 (GBP5), Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 (IRS2), Keratin 4 (KRT4), long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 707 (LINC00707), Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L55 (MRPL55), Ribosome Biogenesis Regulator 1 Homolog (RRS1) and Solute Carrier Family 4 Member 11 (SLC4A11).…”

A comprehensive review on the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A: clues and evidence

“…In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that BPA exposure has a pro-carcinogenic influence in hormone-dependent and hormone-independent cancers (Gao et al 2015 ; Seachrist et al 2016 ). BPA exposure is reported to alter the cancer cells’ biological behaviors, notably, proliferation, invasion, growth, survival, migration, and apoptosis (Chevalier et al 2012 ; Prins et al 2014 ; Ge et al 2014 ; Wang et al 2015 , 2017 , 2019 ; Ma et al 2015 ; Song et al 2015 ; Pfeifer et al 2015 ; Shi et al 2017 ; Jeong et al 2017 ; Sauer et al 2017 ; Li et al 2017 ; Huang et al 2018 ; Hui et al 2018 ; Qu et al 2018 ; Hanafi et al 2019 ). Besides, in vitro studies have shown that low doses of BPA exposure have reported inducing resistance to anticancer drugs such as tamoxifen (TAM), carboplatin, poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, doxorubicin, bevacizumab, vinblastine, cisplatin, and others by modulating the expression of many oncogenic signaling pathways in both hormone-dependent and hormone-independent human cancers (Hafezi and Abdel-Rahman 2019 ).…”