Low-Cost Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Arrays for Millimeter-Wave Applications

Li, Xiuping; Xiao, Jun; Zhu, Hua

doi:10.1109/lawp.2019.2907972

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…AFSIW stacks inexpensive dual-layer PCB laminates and, by locally removing the substrate and realizing sidewalls by either edge plating [16] or rows of vias [13], [17], implements air-filled waveguides/cavities. [16], [18]- [22] propose low-cost high-performance micro-and mmWave AFSIW components, including antennas [16], [17], [23]- [25] and waveguide-fed slot arrays [26], [27]. While the latter exhibit ultra-high radiation efficiencies, they suffer from a large footprint and a narrow bandwidth, making them less suited for broadband mmWave adaptive beam steering systems [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effective High-Performance Air-Filled SIW Antenna Array for the Global 5G 26 GHz and 28 GHz Bands

Paula

Bosman

Brande

et al. 2021

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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A cost-effective, compact and high-performance antenna element for beamforming applications in all 5G New Radio bands in the [24.25-29.5] GHz spectrum is proposed. The novel antenna topology adopts a square patch, an edge-plated air-filled cavity, and an hourglass-shaped aperture-coupled feed to achieve a very high efficiency over a wide frequency band in a compact footprint (0.48λ0 × 0.48λ0). Its compliance with standard PCB fabrication technology, without complex multi-layer PCB stack, ensures low-cost fabrication. The antenna feedplane offers a platform for compact integration of active electronic circuitry. Two different modular 1×4 antenna arrays were realized to demonstrate its suitability for broadband multi-antenna systems. Measurements of the fabricated antenna element and the antenna array prototypes revealed a -10-dB impedance bandwidth of 7.15 GHz (26.8%) and 8.2 GHz (30.83%), resp. The stand-alone antenna features a stable peak gain of 7.4 ± 0.6 dBi in the [24.25-29.5] GHz band and a measured total efficiency of at least 85%. The 1×4 array provides a peak gain of 10.1 ± 0.7 dBi and enables grating-lobe-free beamsteering from -50 • to 50 • .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effective High-Performance Air-Filled SIW Antenna Array for the Global 5G 26 GHz and 28 GHz Bands

Paula

Bosman

Brande

et al. 2021

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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“…Table 3 lists the performance comparison of the planar mm-wave antenna arrays, including the fabrication technology, impedance matching bandwidth, maximum gain, radiation efficiency, XPD, array dimensions, and fabrication cost. By comparison with the substrate-integrated coaxial line slot array in [7] and printed GWG feed slot array in [6], the proposed antenna array in this work has a wider bandwidth and higher radiation efficiency. The ME-dipole array fed by gap waveguide or SIW are fabricated by PCB technology in [10,11,19]; the three antennas have a good impedance-matching bandwidth with a low fabrication cost.…”

Section: Analysis and Comparison Of The Hybrid-feed Me-dipole Antenna Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By comparison with the aforementioned antenna arrays, the proposed hybrid-feed ME-dipoles antenna array in this paper gives an approach for a wide-band, high-efficiency, large-scale antenna array with moderate fabrication cost. * The aperture efficiency can be calculated as η = Gλ 0 /(4π Ae), where G is the gain, λ 0 is the wavelength at the central frequency, and A e is the physical aperture area of the array [7]. ** Simulated results.…”

Section: Analysis and Comparison Of The Hybrid-feed Me-dipole Antenna Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of an mm-wave antenna array is determined by the antenna unit and feed network. Various mm-wave planar antenna arrays based on low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) technology have been presented [6][7][8]. The slots array are based on a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) in [6,7] and substrate-integrated coaxial line (SICL) in [8]; these arrays have the features of a low-profile and low fabrication cost but suffer from a narrow bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various mm-wave planar antenna arrays based on low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) technology have been presented [6][7][8]. The slots array are based on a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) in [6,7] and substrate-integrated coaxial line (SICL) in [8]; these arrays have the features of a low-profile and low fabrication cost but suffer from a narrow bandwidth. The ME-dipole is a complementary antenna unit with the advantages of a wide impedance matching band and symmetric radiation patterns [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Wide-Band High-Efficiency Hybrid-Feed Antenna Array for mm-Wave Wireless Systems

Tan

et al. 2021

Electronics

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A wide-band and high-efficiency planar antenna array with a novel hybrid-feed structure is proposed in this article. By combing the coaxial-line feed magneto-electric (ME) dipoles with the aperture coupled dielectric cavity, a hybrid-feed 2 × 2-unit ME-dipole sub-array is invented. The low-loss ridge gap waveguide (RGWG) corporate-feed network is used to replace the high-loss substrate-based feed networks and high-cost RWG feed networks. New forms of RGWG H-plane divider are designed to build the RGWG feed network. An 8 × 8-unit ME-dipole antenna array is designed and fabricated to verify the validity of the array. The radiation part consists of two layers of a low-cost printed circuit board (PCB), and the feeding part consists of two copper plates manufactured by computer numerical control (CNC) milling. Measured results show that a relative bandwidth of 16.4% with |S11| < −10 dB is achieved, with a maximum radiation efficiency of 85%. The stable symmetric radiation patterns are observed in both the E-plane and H-plane, covering the operation band. Based on the measured results, a 16 × 16-unit ME-dipole antenna array is simulated. Results indicate that the proposed array has wide-band and high-efficiency features, which is suitable for large-scale array design in mm-wave wireless systems.

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SIW Technology for 5G Antenna Applications and Beyond—A Critical Review

Darling,

Guruviah,

Dwivedi

2024

Int J Communication

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With the current advancements in millimeter wave communication, low‐profile structure and power handling capability at high frequencies have become the prime focus for the researchers. substrate integrated waveguide (SIWs), providing better efficiency by exhibiting high‐quality factors and confining EM waves, have become a favorable technology in the antenna regime. Recently, SIWs along with liquid metals have facilitated reconfigurability with extremely thin substrate materials. Antenna on‐chip (AOC) using Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technologies along with Multiple Input and Multiple output (MIMO) applications are showing great potential for researchers in this domain. This review article intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the different types of SIW antennas operating in the 5G band, various SIW topologies, detailed analysis of gain, bandwidth, and isolation. Slotted SIW antennas give exceptional isolation between the bands and low cross‐polarization levels while horn antenna arrays offer wide coverage. Slow wave SIW has achieved an 80% reduction in size with the usage of multi‐antipodal metalized blinds via holes and distributed metal strips. Details on advancement in the artificial intelligence (AI) based SIW antennas are also presented in brief.

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Low-Cost Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Arrays for Millimeter-Wave Applications

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Cost-Effective High-Performance Air-Filled SIW Antenna Array for the Global 5G 26 GHz and 28 GHz Bands

Cost-Effective High-Performance Air-Filled SIW Antenna Array for the Global 5G 26 GHz and 28 GHz Bands

A Wide-Band High-Efficiency Hybrid-Feed Antenna Array for mm-Wave Wireless Systems

SIW Technology for 5G Antenna Applications and Beyond—A Critical Review

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