Low-cost MIMO-RoF-PON architecture for next-generation integrated wired and wireless access networks

Abstract

Next generation integrated fiber-wireless access networks will require low-cost and high capacity deployment to meet the customer demand. A new configuration of radio over fiber-passive optical network (RoF-PON) architecture, including two 60 GHz multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) based on a 5G universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC) waveform and wired signal utilizing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), is described. At the optical line terminal MIMO signals are integrated as upper and lower sidebands of the wired OFDM signal. This integration approach employing single sideband frequency translation (SSB-FT) reduces the complexity of the transceiver design and provides high spectral efficiency because the two MIMO-RoF and wired signals transmit at the same frequency. Improved techniques are also employed to upconvert and downconvert the 60 GHz millimeter wave (MMW) being remote optical heterodyning and self-heterodyne, respectively. The MIMO-RoF signals are therefore transmitted at low frequency over the standard single mode fiber to avoid the impairments induced at higher frequencies and the remote optical local oscillator is reused to downconvert the two 60 GHz MMWs producing a costeffective system. Simulation results demonstrate very satisfactory network performance when using a downstream link over a 20 km span standard-PON.

Automated Controller Placement for Software-Defined Networks to Resist DDoS Attacks

“…Another proposal used a hypothetical concept of smart controller placement for SDNs [46]. The use of SDNs is expanding, being used in applications such as voice over IP (VoIP) [47][48][49], fiber optic networks [50][51][52], worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) networks [53][54][55], multiple input multiple output (MIMO) [56], Named Data Networking (NDN) [57][58][59] and cloud computing network [60], artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning [ML] networks [61], and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and autonomous electric vehicle (AEV) control through satellite networks [62]. The research into these topics has considered neither a smart backup controller nor the DDoS attack threat.…”

Design and performance analysis of OAM‐based multidimensional multiplexing RoF‐PON integrated access system

“…The next generation of integrated fiber-wireless access networks has been in pressing need of low-cost and highcapacity deployment to meet user demand. 1,2 Recently, some new hybrid access networks have been reported, such as optical metro access network based on low-cost optical multicarrier, 3 and high-capacity free space opticsbased passive optical network (FSO-PON) for 5G front-haul deployment. 4 As a converged access system that combines radio-overfiber (RoF) wireless access technology and PON wired access technology, RoF-PON embodies the advantages of both.…”

Power limits with adjustable 10G receiver parameters for A-RoF transmission

“…Namely, noise has a critical impact on the performance of the OFDM RoF transmission system. It is also essential that several recently proposed realisations of RoF transmission systems utilise the multi-radio frequency (RF) channel transmission, e.g., in [6]- [10], which must also be considered. We focus on the intermediate frequency (IF) over fiber transmission with RF frequencies up to 10 GHz.…”

“…This solution allows the integration of the RoF into the typical widely implemented PON architecture with 10 GHz transceivers and is widely used in recent research [6]- [9]. The possible solution to integrate sub-6 GHz RoF into PON architecture is demonstrated in [10]. The authors realise the transmission of the two OFDM signals with 16-QAM signals (at 1.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz, respectively) and one wired PON signal at 2.5 GHz.…”

“…Our utilised architecture has three OFDM signals with 64-QAM signals spaced at 3.0 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 4.0 GHz. Here, it is essential to mention that the researches in [6], [8], [10] aim at the demonstration of the feasibility of the new architectures, while the authors in [7] demonstrate the development of the transmitter. On the contrary, our research aims to develop a new approach for simulations to evaluate the power limits for different OFDM RoF transmission systems.…”