Low‐cross‐polarisation synthesis of conformal antenna arrays using a balanced dynamic differential evolution algorithm

Abstract

Conformal antenna arrays often have many elements with different radiation patterns and much cross‐polarisation. Those factors make synthesising radiation patterns a difficult problem. In this study, the authors propose a balanced dynamic differential evolution (BDDE) algorithm to suppress the cross‐polarisation in conformal arrays. To increase the probability of the inferior group participating in the mutant, a suboptimal individual is adopted in the mutant operation. Parameters are dynamically updated to accelerate the convergence speed. We adjust the cross‐rate to its maximal value every few generations to increase the diversity in the population. Two conformal arrays are modelled to verify the ability of BDDE to synthesise the radiation pattern and polarisation simultaneously. To avoid increasing the number of unknowns caused by dual‐feed antennas, circular polarised patch antennas with one feed are used to compose the conformal arrays. Embedded element patterns are used in the synthesis to take into account the influence of mutual coupling between the elements and their environment. We compare BDDE with other popular DE algorithms, and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves lower sidelobe levels and cross‐polarisation reliably and efficiently.

Array Pattern Synthesis Using a Hybrid Differential Evolution and Analytic Algorithm

“…The structure of the antenna and the array is shown in Figure 6. The RHCP antenna is the same as reference [21]. The upper radius of the cone is 280 mm and the lower radius is 360 mm.…”

Pattern Synthesis for Dual-Polarized Conformal Arrays via Iterative Convex Optimization

“…In [4], the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is applied to synthesize the elliptical and linear polarization patterns for dual-polarized array with shaped main lobe and low side lobe and crosspolarization level. In [5], an improved differential evolution algorithm is proposed to achieve lower side lobe levels and suppress the cross-polarization. Nevertheless, these stochastic optimization methods are computationally intensive because of their randomness in global optimization.…”

Improved alternating projection algorithm for pattern synthesis with dual polarised conformal arrays

“…A hybrid optimisation algorithm [3] is introduced to optimise the amplitude of excitation of the spherical conformal array by using improved genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm. In [4], a balanced dynamic differential evolution algorithm is used to suppress the crosspolarisation, which is verified in the hemispherical conformal array and rotation surface array. However, these methods mentioned above tend to have lots of parameters to set and require amount of computation time.…”